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The increasing popularity of the federated learning (FL) framework due to its success in a wide range of collaborative learning tasks also induces certain security concerns. Among many vulnerabilities, the risk of Byzantine attacks is of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Kerem Ozfatura , Emre Ozfatura , Alptekin Kupcu , Deniz Gunduz

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging distributed learning paradigm without sharing participating clients' private data. However, existing works show that FL is vulnerable to both Byzantine (security) attacks and data reconstruction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Chenfei Nie , Qiang Li , Yuxin Yang , Yuede Ji , Binghui Wang

Motivated by the ever-increasing concerns on personal data privacy and the rapidly growing data volume at local clients, federated learning (FL) has emerged as a new machine learning setting. An FL system is comprised of a central parameter…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Xiang Ma , Haijian Sun , Rose Qingyang Hu , Yi Qian

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train models without sharing raw data, but is vulnerable to Byzantine attacks and data heterogeneity, which can severely degrade performance. Existing Byzantine-robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shiyuan Zuo , Xingrun Yan , Rongfei Fan , Li Shen , Puning Zhao , Jie Xu , Han Hu

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed medical institutions while preserving patient privacy, but remains vulnerable to Byzantine attacks and statistical heterogeneity. We present OptiGradTrust, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Mohammad Karami , Fatemeh Ghassemi , Hamed Kebriaei , Hamid Azadegan

The rapid development of artificial intelligence systems has amplified societal concerns regarding their usage, necessitating regulatory frameworks that encompass data privacy. Federated Learning (FL) is posed as potential solution to data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Mario García-Márquez , Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso , M. Victoria Luzón , Francisco Herrera

Federated Learning (FL) paradigms enable large numbers of clients to collaboratively train Machine Learning models on private data. However, due to their multi-party nature, traditional FL schemes are left vulnerable to Byzantine attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Atharv Deshmukh

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients without sharing raw data, but its robustness is threatened by Byzantine behaviors such as data and model poisoning. Existing defenses face fundamental…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Usama Zafar , André M. H. Teixeira , Salman Toor

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train machine learning models without revealing their private training data. In conventional FL, the system follows the server-assisted architecture (server-assisted FL),…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Minghong Fang , Zifan Zhang , Hairi , Prashant Khanduri , Jia Liu , Songtao Lu , Yuchen Liu , Neil Gong

This paper addresses federated learning (FL) in the context of malicious Byzantine attacks and data heterogeneity. We introduce a novel Robust Average Gradient Algorithm (RAGA), which uses the geometric median for aggregation and {allows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shiyuan Zuo , Xingrun Yan , Rongfei Fan , Han Hu , Hangguan Shan , Tony Q. S. Quek , Puning Zhao

Federated Learning (FL) has gained significant attention for its privacy-preserving capabilities, enabling distributed devices to collaboratively train a global model without sharing raw data. However, its distributed nature forces the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Chaoyu Zhang , Heng Jin , Shanghao Shi , Hexuan Yu , Sydney Johns , Y. Thomas Hou , Wenjing Lou

Federated learning (FL), an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm, has been applied to various privacy-preserving scenarios. However, due to its distributed nature, FL faces two key issues: the non-independent and identical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Youpeng Li , Xinda Wang , Fuxun Yu , Lichao Sun , Wenbin Zhang , Xuyu Wang

Most existing Byzantine-robust federated learning (FL) methods suffer from slow and unstable convergence. Moreover, when handling a substantial proportion of colluded malicious clients, achieving robustness typically entails compromising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 He Yang , Dongyi Lv , Wei Xi , Song Ma , Hanlin Gu , Jizhong Zhao

Byzantine-robust federated learning aims at mitigating Byzantine failures during the federated training process, where malicious participants may upload arbitrary local updates to the central server to degrade the performance of the global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Shenghui Li , Edith C. -H. Ngai , Thiemo Voigt

Federated learning enables training collaborative machine learning models at scale with many participants whilst preserving the privacy of their datasets. Standard federated learning techniques are vulnerable to Byzantine failures, biased…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-12 Luis Muñoz-González , Kenneth T. Co , Emil C. Lupu

The possibility of adversarial (a.k.a., {\em Byzantine}) clients makes federated learning (FL) prone to arbitrary manipulation. The natural approach to robustify FL against adversarial clients is to replace the simple averaging operation at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Youssef Allouah , Sadegh Farhadkhani , Rachid GuerraouI , Nirupam Gupta , Rafael Pinot , Geovani Rizk , Sasha Voitovych

In federated learning (FL), profiling and verifying each client is inherently difficult, which introduces a significant security vulnerability: malicious clients, commonly referred to as Byzantines, can degrade the accuracy of the global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Emre Ozfatura , Kerem Ozfatura , Baturalp Buyukates , Mert Coskuner , Alptekin Kupcu , Deniz Gunduz

Federated Learning (FL) emerged as a widely studied paradigm for distributed learning. Despite its many advantages, FL remains vulnerable to adversarial attacks, especially under data heterogeneity. We propose a new Byzantine-robust FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Sena Ergisi , Luis Maßny , Rawad Bitar

Federated Learning (FL) is increasingly applied in sectors like healthcare, finance, and IoT, enabling collaborative model training while safeguarding user privacy. However, FL systems are susceptible to Byzantine adversaries that inject…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Reek Das , Biplab Kanti Sen

Federated learning is a distributed training framework vulnerable to Byzantine attacks, particularly when over 50% of clients are malicious or when datasets are highly non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID). Additionally,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Haocheng Jiang , Hua Shen , Jixin Zhang , Willy Susilo , Mingwu Zhang