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Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various NLP tasks. However, traditional fine-tuning methods for leveraging PLMs for downstream tasks entail significant computational overhead. Prompt-tuning has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ali Shakeri , Wei Emma Zhang , Amin Beheshti , Weitong Chen , Jian Yang , Lishan Yang

We address the problem of federated domain generalization in an unsupervised setting for the first time. We first theoretically establish a connection between domain shift and alignment of gradients in unsupervised federated learning and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Farhad Pourpanah , Mahdiyar Molahasani , Milad Soltany , Michael Greenspan , Ali Etemad

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized model training across multiple clients without exposing private data, making it ideal for privacy-sensitive applications. However, in real-world FL scenarios, clients often hold data from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Huy Q. Le , Loc X. Nguyen , Yu Qiao , Seong Tae Kim , Eui-Nam Huh , Choong Seon Hong

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a crucial distributed training paradigm, enabling discrete devices to collaboratively train a shared model under the coordination of a central server, while leveraging their locally stored private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Wenhao Yuan , Xuehe Wang

As a popular paradigm of distributed learning, personalized federated learning (PFL) allows personalized models to improve generalization ability and robustness by utilizing knowledge from all distributed clients. Most existing PFL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Guanghao Li , Wansen Wu , Yan Sun , Li Shen , Baoyuan Wu , Dacheng Tao

Federated Learning (FL) faces significant challenges with domain shifts in heterogeneous data, degrading performance. Traditional domain generalization aims to learn domain-invariant features, but the federated nature of model averaging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Marc Bartholet , Taehyeon Kim , Ami Beuret , Se-Young Yun , Joachim M. Buhmann

Traditional Federated Domain Generalization (FedDG) methods focus on learning domain-invariant features or adapting to unseen target domains, often overlooking the unique knowledge embedded within the source domain, especially in strictly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hongze Li , Zesheng Zhou , Zhenbiao Cao , Xinhui Li , Wei Chen , Xiaojin Zhang

In recent years, Federated Graph Learning (FGL) has gained significant attention for its distributed training capabilities in graph-based machine intelligence applications, mitigating data silos while offering a new perspective for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zhengyu Wu , Xunkai Li , Yinlin Zhu , Rong-Hua Li , Guoren Wang , Chenghu Zhou

Federated Learning (FL) is a decentralized approach where multiple clients collaboratively train a shared global model without sharing their raw data. Despite its effectiveness, conventional FL faces scalability challenges due to excessive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Thinh Nguyen , Trung Phan , Binh T. Nguyen , Khoa D Doan , Kok-Seng Wong

The objective of domain generalization (DG) is to enable models to be robust against domain shift. DG is crucial for deploying vision-language models (VLMs) in real-world applications, yet most existing methods rely on domain labels that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zhixing Li , Arsham Gholamzadeh Khoee , Yinan Yu

Heterogeneous federated learning (HFL) aims to ensure effective and privacy-preserving collaboration among different entities. As newly joined clients require significant adjustments and additional training to align with the existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Kaile Wang , Jiannong Cao , Yu Yang , Xiaoyin Li , Mingjin Zhang

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for learning from decentralized data, and federated domain generalization further considers the test dataset (target domain) is absent from the decentralized training data (source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Sikai Bai , Jie Zhang , Shuaicheng Li , Song Guo , Jingcai Guo , Jun Hou , Tao Han , Xiaocheng Lu

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train machine learning models without exposing local data, balancing performance and privacy. However, domain shift and label heterogeneity across clients often hinder the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yubin Zheng , Pak-Hei Yeung , Jing Xia , Tianjie Ju , Peng Tang , Weidong Qiu , Jagath C. Rajapakse

Federated learning (FL) is a popular privacy-preserving paradigm that enables distributed clients to collaboratively train models with a central server while keeping raw data locally. In practice, distinct model architectures, varying data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yuting Ma , Lechao Cheng , Yaxiong Wang , Zhun Zhong , Xiaohua Xu , Meng Wang

Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a global model without disclosing their data. Previous researches often require training the complete model parameters. However, the emergence of powerful pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Shangchao Su , Mingzhao Yang , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

In medical image segmentation tasks, Domain Generalization (DG) under the Federated Learning (FL) framework is crucial for addressing challenges related to privacy protection and data heterogeneity. However, traditional federated learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yucheng Song , Chenxi Li , Haokang Ding , Zhining Liao , Zhifang Liao

Federated Learning (FL) enables a group of clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing individual data, but its performance drops when client data are heterogeneous. Clustered FL tackles this by grouping similar clients.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Anik Pramanik , Murat Kantarcioglu , Vincent Oria , Shantanu Sharma

Large pre-trained vision language models (VLMs) have shown impressive zero-shot ability on downstream tasks with manually designed prompt. To further adapt VLMs to downstream tasks, soft prompt is proposed to replace manually designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Shuanghao Bai , Yuedi Zhang , Wanqi Zhou , Zhirong Luan , Badong Chen

Domain shift is a formidable issue in Machine Learning that causes a model to suffer from performance degradation when tested on unseen domains. Federated Domain Generalization (FedDG) attempts to train a global model using collaborative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Khiem Le , Long Ho , Cuong Do , Danh Le-Phuoc , Kok-Seng Wong

Fine-tuning large pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) has emerged as a prevalent paradigm for downstream adaptation, yet it faces a critical trade-off between domain specificity and domain generalization (DG) ability. Current methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Xinyao Li , Yinjie Min , Hongbo Chen , Zhekai Du , Fengling Li , Jingjing Li