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Neural networks are commonly known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks mounted through subtle perturbation on the input data. Recent development in voice-privacy protection has shown the positive use cases of the same technique to…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Chenyang Guo , Liping Chen , Zhuhai Li , Kong Aik Lee , Zhen-Hua Ling , Wu Guo

Automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems are highly vulnerable to presentation attacks, also called spoofing attacks. Replay is among the simplest attacks to mount - yet difficult to detect reliably. The generalization failure of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-24 Bhusan Chettri , Tomi Kinnunen , Emmanouil Benetos

Virtual reality (VR) has recently proliferated significantly, consisting of headsets or head-mounted displays (HMDs) and hand controllers for an embodied and immersive experience. The VR device is usually embedded with different kinds of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Wei Sun , Minghong Fang , Mengyuan Li

The research in Environmental Sound Classification (ESC) has been progressively growing with the emergence of deep learning algorithms. However, data scarcity poses a major hurdle for any huge advance in this domain. Data augmentation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-16 Aswathy Madhu , Suresh K

Adversarial audio attacks can be considered as a small perturbation unperceptive to human ears that is intentionally added to the audio signal and causes a machine learning model to make mistakes. This poses a security concern about the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Mohammad Esmaeilpour , Patrick Cardinal , Alessandro Lameiras Koerich

Voice cloning technology poses significant privacy threats by enabling unauthorized speech synthesis from limited audio samples. Existing defenses based on imperceptible adversarial perturbations are vulnerable to common audio preprocessing…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Rui Sang , Yuxuan Liu

The widespread smart devices raise people's concerns of being eavesdropped on. To enhance voice privacy, recent studies exploit the nonlinearity in microphone to jam audio recorders with inaudible ultrasound. However, existing solutions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Peng Huang , Yao Wei , Peng Cheng , Zhongjie Ba , Li Lu , Feng Lin , Yang Wang , Kui Ren

Adversarial evasion attacks have been very successful in causing poor performance in a wide variety of machine learning applications. One such application is radio frequency spectrum sensing. While evasion attacks have proven particularly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-21 Matthew DelVecchio , Vanessa Arndorfer , William C. Headley

Classical parametric speech coding techniques provide a compact representation for speech signals. This affords a very low transmission rate but with a reduced perceptual quality of the reconstructed signals. Recently, autoregressive deep…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-02 Ahmed Mustafa , Arijit Biswas , Christian Bergler , Julia Schottenhamml , Andreas Maier

Malicious applications of visual manipulation have raised serious threats to the security and reputation of users in many fields. To alleviate these issues, adversarial noise-based defenses have been enthusiastically studied in recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Dawei Zhou , Suzhi Gang , Decheng Liu , Tongliang Liu , Nannan Wang , Xinbo Gao

Adversarial attacks aim to disturb the functionality of a target system by adding specific noise to the input samples, bringing potential threats to security and robustness when applied to facial recognition systems. Although existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Qian Wang , Yongqin Xian , Hefei Ling , Jinyuan Zhang , Xiaorui Lin , Ping Li , Jiazhong Chen , Ning Yu

Advances in automatic speaker verification (ASV) promote research into the formulation of spoofing detection systems for real-world applications. The performance of ASV systems can be degraded severely by multiple types of spoofing attacks,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Zhenyu Wang , John H. L. Hansen

Our voice encodes a uniquely identifiable pattern which can be used to infer private attributes, such as gender or identity, that an individual might wish not to reveal when using a speech recognition service. To prevent attribute inference…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Dimitrios Stoidis , Andrea Cavallaro

Embeddings have become a cornerstone in the functionality of large language models (LLMs) due to their ability to transform text data into rich, dense numerical representations that capture semantic and syntactic properties. These embedding…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Tiantian Liu , Hongwei Yao , Feng Lin , Tong Wu , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Audio watermarking has been widely applied in copyright protection and source tracing. However, due to the inherent characteristics of audio signals, watermark localization and resistance to desynchronization attacks remain significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhenliang Gan , Xiaoxiao Hu , Sheng Li , Zhenxing Qian , Xinpeng Zhang

Previous works have shown that automatic speaker verification (ASV) is seriously vulnerable to malicious spoofing attacks, such as replay, synthetic speech, and recently emerged adversarial attacks. Great efforts have been dedicated to…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Haibin Wu , Xu Li , Andy T. Liu , Zhiyong Wu , Helen Meng , Hung-yi Lee

Voice anonymization has been developed as a technique for preserving privacy by replacing the speaker's voice in a speech signal with that of a pseudo-speaker, thereby obscuring the original voice attributes from machine recognition and…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Rui Wang , Liping Chen , Kong AiK Lee , Zhen-Hua Ling

Closed-weight generative services are increasingly deployed through query-based APIs, where users can obtain generated outputs while model parameters remain inaccessible. However, such deployment does not prevent model stealing: an attacker…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yilan Gao , Sida Huang , Hongyuan Zhang , Xuelong Li

The high directionality of millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems has proven effective in reducing the attack surface against eavesdropping, thus improving the physical layer security. However, even with highly directional beams,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-20 Afifa Ishtiaq , Arash Asadi , Ladan Khaloopour , Waqar Ahmed , Vahid Jamali , Matthias Hollick

Recent advancements in large audio-language models (LALMs) have enabled speech-based user interactions, significantly enhancing user experience and accelerating the deployment of LALMs in real-world applications. However, ensuring the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Mintong Kang , Chejian Xu , Bo Li