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Two-sided matching markets have long existed to pair agents in the absence of regulated exchanges. A common example is school choice, where a matching mechanism uses student and school preferences to assign students to schools. In such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Stefania Ionescu , Yuhao Du , Kenneth Joseph , Anikó Hannák

The rise of digital social media has strengthened the coevolution of public opinions and social interactions, that shape social structures and collective outcomes in increasingly complex ways. Existing literature often explores this…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-09-20 Nataša Djurdjevac Conrad , Nhu Quang Vu , Sören Nagel

We study phase transitions in models of opinion formation which are based on the social impact theory. Two different models are discussed: (i) a cellular--automata based model of a finite group with a strong leader where persons can change…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Janusz A. Holyst , Krzysztof Kacperski , Frank Schweitzer

We introduce a stochastic agent-based model for the flocking dynamics of self-propelled particles that exhibit velocity-alignment interactions with neighbours within their field of view. The stochasticity in the dynamics of the model arises…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-24 Trilochan Bagarti , Shakti N. Menon

We consider a setting where one has to organize one or several group activities for a set of agents. Each agent will participate in at most one activity, and her preferences over activities depend on the number of participants in the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-03 Andreas Darmann , Edith Elkind , Sascha Kurz , Jérôme Lang , Joachim Schauer , Gerhard Woeginger

In this work, we study the dynamics of a single active Brownian particle, as well as the collective behavior of interacting active Brownian particles, in a fluctuating heterogeneous environment. We employ a variant of the diffusing…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-01-05 S. M. J. Khadem , N. H. Siboni , S. H. L. Klapp

Social physics is the application of ideas, concepts and tools from physics to study social phenomena. In this article, we present a mechanical theory underlying a mathematical treatment of social physics. We explore the possibility of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-28 VS Morales-Salgado

Agents often have individual goals which depend on a group's actions. If agents trust a forecast of collective action and adapt strategically, such prediction can influence outcomes non-trivially, resulting in a form of performative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 António Góis , Mehrnaz Mofakhami , Fernando P. Santos , Gauthier Gidel , Simon Lacoste-Julien

The effectiveness of collective navigation of biological or artificial agents requires to accommodate for contrasting requirements, such as staying in a group while avoiding close encounters and at the same time limiting the energy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-06 Francesco Borra , Massimo Cencini , Antonio Celani

Quantifying uncertainties in collective human behavior and decision making is crucial for ensuring public health and safety, enabling effective disaster response, informing the design of transportation and communication networks, and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-12-02 Kimberly J. Schlesinger , Chantal Nguyen , Imtiaz Ali , Jean M. Carlson

Agent-based models provide a constructive approach to studying emergent dynamics in life-like systems composed of interacting, adaptive agents. Financial markets serve as a canonical example of such systems, where collective price dynamics…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-28 Ryuji Hashimoto , Ryosuke Takata , Masahiro Suzuki , Yuki Tanaka , Kiyoshi Izumi

Social dynamics is concerned primarily with interactions among individuals and the resulting group behaviors, modeling the temporal evolution of social systems via the interactions of individuals within these systems. In particular, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-08 Zhen Xu , Wen Dong , Sargur Srihari

Foraging is a widespread behavior, and being part of a group may bring several benefits compared to solitary foraging, such as collective pooling of information and reducing environmental uncertainty. Often theoretical models of collective…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-12-05 Lisa Blum Moyse , Ahmed El Hady

The study of social emergence has long been a central focus in social science. Traditional modeling approaches, such as rule-based Agent-Based Models (ABMs), struggle to capture the diversity and complexity of human behavior, particularly…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yuzhe Yang , Yifei Zhang , Minghao Wu , Kaidi Zhang , Yunmiao Zhang , Honghai Yu , Yan Hu , Benyou Wang

We survey some recent developments on the mathematical modeling of opinion dynamics. After an introduction on opinion modeling through interacting multi-agent systems described by partial differential equations of kinetic type, we focus our…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-07-21 Giacomo Albi , Lorenzo Pareschi , Giuseppe Toscani , Mattia Zanella

Particle dynamics and multi-agent systems provide accurate dynamical models for studying and forecasting the behavior of complex interacting systems. They often take the form of a high-dimensional system of differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Yuxuan Liu , Scott G. McCalla , Hayden Schaeffer

We analyze the accuracy of collective decision-making in socially connected populations, where agents update binary choices through local interactions on a network. Each agent receives a private signal that is biased -- even marginally --…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-29 Dan Braha , Marcus A. M. de Aguiar

Multi-agent systems in biology, society, and engineering are capable of making decisions through the dynamic interaction of their elements. Nonlinearity of the interactions is key for the speed, robustness, and flexibility of multi-agent…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-10-02 Rodrigo Moreno-Morton , Anastasia Bizyaeva , Naomi Ehrich Leonard , Alessio Franci

Statistical properties of Brownian motion that arise by analyzing, separately, trajectories over which the system energy increases (upside) or decreases (downside) with respect to a threshold energy level, are derived. This selective…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-08-02 Galen T. Craven , Abraham Nitzan

Agent-based modeling is a powerful simulation technique to understand the collective behavior and microscopic interaction in complex financial systems. Recently, the concept for determining the key parameters of the agent-based models from…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-03-21 T. T. Chen , B. Zheng , Y. Li , X. F. Jiang
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