English
Related papers

Related papers: Sharp Testable Implications of Encouragement Desig…

200 papers

This paper considers the implicit Euler discretization of Levant's arbitrary order robust exact differentiator in presence of sampled measurements. Existing implicit discretizations of that differentiator are shown to exhibit either…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-02 Richard Seeber

Causal mediation analysis aims at disentangling a treatment effect into an indirect mechanism operating through an intermediate outcome or mediator, as well as the direct effect of the treatment on the outcome of interest. However, the…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-05-05 Martin Huber , Lukáš Lafférs

We provide a theoretical framework to understand how widely used measures of choice difficulty relate. In a binary-option Bayesian expected-utility framework, we show that three measures of difficulty, (i) understanding (ex-ante value),…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-04-30 Chris Chambers , Yusufcan Masatolioglu , Paulo Natenzon , Collin Raymond

In the context of having an instrumental variable, the standard practice in causal inference begins by targeting an effect of interest and proceeds by formulating assumptions enabling its identification. We turn this around by adhering to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Carlos García Meixide , Mark J. van der Laan

Precision medicine stands as a transformative approach in healthcare, offering tailored treatments that can enhance patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. As understanding of complex disease improves, clinical trials are being…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-15 Lara Maleyeff , Shirin Golchi , Erica E. M. Moodie , Marie Hudson

This paper studies the validity of nonparametric tests used in the regression discontinuity design. The null hypothesis of interest is that the average treatment effect at the threshold in the so-called sharp design equals a pre-specified…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-11-16 Vishal Kamat

The proximal causal inference framework enables the identification and estimation of causal effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding by leveraging two disjoint sets of observed strong proxies: negative control treatments and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-16 Antonio Olivas-Martinez , Peter B. Gilbert , Andrea Rotnitzky

This paper studies inference in randomized controlled trials with multiple treatments, where treatment status is determined according to a "matched tuples" design. Here, by a matched tuples design, we mean an experimental design where units…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-11-06 Yuehao Bai , Jizhou Liu , Max Tabord-Meehan

This paper concerns robust inference on average treatment effects following model selection. In the selection on observables framework, we show how to construct confidence intervals based on a doubly-robust estimator that are robust to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-13 Max H. Farrell

Existing multi-outcome designs focus almost entirely on evaluating whether all outcomes show evidence of efficacy or whether at least one outcome shows evidence of efficacy. While a small number of authors have provided multi-outcome…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-21 Martin Law , Michael J. Grayling , Adrian P. Mander

Causal inference is best understood using potential outcomes. This use is particularly important in more complex settings, that is, observational studies or randomized experiments with complications such as noncompliance. The topic of this…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Donald B. Rubin

Model based diagnosis finds a growing range of practical applications, and significant performance-wise improvements have been achieved in recent years. Some of these improvements result from formulating the problem with maximum…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-07-10 Alexey Ignatiev , Antonio Morgado , Joao Marques-Silva

We report on a series of experiments concerning the feasibility of example driven modelling. The main aim was to establish experimentally within an academic environment: the relationship between error and task complexity using a)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2008-03-10 Simon R. Thorne , David Ball , Z. Lawson

Policymakers in resource-constrained settings require experimental designs that satisfy strict budget limits while ensuring precise estimation of treatment effects. We propose a framework that applies a dependent randomized rounding…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-17 Khurram Yamin , Edward Kennedy , Bryan Wilder

Causal structure learning is a key problem in many domains. Causal structures can be learnt by performing experiments on the system of interest. We address the largely unexplored problem of designing a batch of experiments that each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Scott Sussex , Andreas Krause , Caroline Uhler

Experiments on online marketplaces and social networks suffer from interference, where the outcome of a unit is impacted by the treatment status of other units. We propose a framework for modeling interference using a ubiquitous deployment…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-21 Ariel Boyarsky , Hongseok Namkoong , Jean Pouget-Abadie

In many clinical trials, individuals in different subgroups have experience differential treatment effects. This leads to individualized differences in treatment benefit. In this article, we introduce the general concept of predictive…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-11 Debashis Ghosh , Youngjoo Cho

This article studies experimental design in settings where the experimental units are large aggregate entities (e.g., markets), and only one or a small number of units can be exposed to the treatment. In such settings, randomization of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-24 Alberto Abadie , Jinglong Zhao

Adaptive designs are increasingly used in clinical trials and online experiments to improve participant outcomes by dynamically updating treatment allocation as data accumulate. In practice, experimenters often consider multiple candidate…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-08 Wenxin Zhang , Aaron Hudson , Maya Petersen , Mark van der Laan

To date, there has been no formal study of the statistical cost of interpretability in machine learning. As such, the discourse around potential trade-offs is often informal and misconceptions abound. In this work, we aim to initiate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Gintare Karolina Dziugaite , Shai Ben-David , Daniel M. Roy