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Related papers: Rethinking Weight-Averaged Model-merging

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Model merging aims to build a multi-task learner by combining the parameters of individually fine-tuned models without additional training. While a straightforward approach is to average model parameters across tasks, this often results in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Jiho Choi , Donggyun Kim , Chanhyuk Lee , Seunghoon Hong

Models trained on different datasets can be merged by a weighted-averaging of their parameters, but why does it work and when can it fail? Here, we connect the inaccuracy of weighted-averaging to mismatches in the gradients and propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Nico Daheim , Thomas Möllenhoff , Edoardo Maria Ponti , Iryna Gurevych , Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan

Merging models becomes a fundamental procedure in some applications that consider model efficiency and robustness. The training randomness or Non-I.I.D. data poses a huge challenge for averaging-based model fusion. Previous research efforts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Yichu Xu , Xin-Chun Li , Le Gan , De-Chuan Zhan

Model merging, typically on Instruct and Thinking models, has shown remarkable performance for efficient reasoning. In this paper, we systematically revisit the simplest merging method that interpolates two weights directly. Particularly,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Taiqiang Wu , Runming Yang , Tao Liu , Jiahao Wang , Ngai Wong

Continual learning is conventionally tackled through sequential fine-tuning, a process that, while enabling adaptation, inherently favors plasticity over the stability needed to retain prior knowledge. While existing approaches attempt to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Ghada Sokar , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite , Anurag Arnab , Ahmet Iscen , Pablo Samuel Castro , Cordelia Schmid

Model merging is a technique that combines multiple large pretrained models into a single model with enhanced performance and broader task adaptability. It has gained popularity in large pretrained model development due to its ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Yu Zhou , Xingyu Wu , Jibin Wu , Liang Feng , Kay Chen Tan

Model merging has attracted significant attention as a powerful paradigm for model reuse, facilitating the integration of task-specific models into a singular, versatile framework endowed with multifarious capabilities. Previous studies,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Zhengqi Xu , Han Zheng , Jie Song , Li Sun , Mingli Song

Model merging combines knowledge from separately fine-tuned models, yet the factors driving its success remain poorly understood. While recent work treats mergeability as an intrinsic property of the models, we show with an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Luca Zhou , Bo Zhao , Rose Yu , Emanuele Rodolà

The growing demand for large language models (LLMs) with tunable reasoning capabilities in many real-world applications highlights a critical need for methods that can efficiently produce a spectrum of models balancing reasoning depth and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xiaochong Lan , Yu Zheng , Shiteng Cao , Yong Li

Model merging (e.g., via interpolation or task arithmetic) fuses multiple models trained on different tasks to generate a multi-task solution. The technique has been proven successful in previous studies, where the models are trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Yi-Lin Sung , Linjie Li , Kevin Lin , Zhe Gan , Mohit Bansal , Lijuan Wang

Model merging has emerged as a promising technique for combining multiple fine-tuned models into a single multitask model without retraining. However, the factors that determine whether merging will succeed or fail remain poorly understood.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Adir Rahamim , Asaf Yehudai , Boaz Carmeli , Leshem Choshen , Yosi Mass , Yonatan Belinkov

Deep model fusion/merging is an emerging technique that merges the parameters or predictions of multiple deep learning models into a single one. It combines the abilities of different models to make up for the biases and errors of a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Weishi Li , Yong Peng , Miao Zhang , Liang Ding , Han Hu , Li Shen

Model merging provides a cost-effective and data-efficient combination of specialized deep neural networks through parameter integration. This technique leverages expert models across downstream tasks without requiring retraining. Most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Levy Chaves , Eduardo Valle , Sandra Avila

Model merging efficiently aggregates capabilities from multiple fine-tuned models into a single one, operating purely in parameter space without original data or expensive re-computation. Despite empirical successes, a unified theory for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Qinglun Li , Anke Tang , Miao Zhang , Mengzhu Wang , Quanjun Yin , Li Shen

The success of pretrain-finetune paradigm brings about the release of numerous model weights. In this case, merging models finetuned on different tasks to enable a single model with multi-task capabilities is gaining increasing attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Chenyu Huang , Peng Ye , Tao Chen , Tong He , Xiangyu Yue , Wanli Ouyang

Model merging is an effective strategy to merge multiple models for enhancing model performances, and more efficient than ensemble learning as it will not introduce extra computation into inference. However, limited research explores if the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Hu Wang , Ibrahim Almakky , Congbo Ma , Numan Saeed , Mohammad Yaqub

Ensemble methods are widely employed to improve generalization in machine learning. This has also prompted the adoption of ensemble learning for the knowledge graph embedding (KGE) models in performing link prediction. Typical approaches to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Rupesh Sapkota , Caglar Demir , Arnab Sharma , Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo

Modern deep learning usually treats models as separate artifacts: trained independently, specialized for particular purposes, and replaced when improved versions appear. This thesis studies model merging as an alternative paradigm:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Donato Crisostomi

Combining multiple machine learning models has long been a technique for enhancing performance, particularly in distributed settings. Traditional approaches, such as model ensembles, work well, but are expensive in terms of memory and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Albert Manuel Orozco Camacho , Stefan Horoi , Guy Wolf , Eugene Belilovsky

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models has become the prevalent paradigm for building downstream NLP models. Oftentimes fine-tuned models are readily available but their training data is not, due to data privacy or intellectual property…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xisen Jin , Xiang Ren , Daniel Preotiuc-Pietro , Pengxiang Cheng
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