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WhatsApp and many other commonly used communication platforms guarantee end-to-end encryption (E2EE), which requires that service providers lack the cryptographic keys to read communications on their own platforms. WhatsApp's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Madelyne Xiao , Palak Jain , Micha Gorelick , Sarah Scheffler

In the era of social media and messaging applications, people are becoming increasingly aware of data privacy issues associated with such apps. Major messaging applications are moving towards end-to-end encryption (E2EE) to give their users…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Raman Singh , Ark Nandan Singh Chauhan , Hitesh Tewari

End-to-End Encryption (E2EE) aims to make all messages impossible to read by anyone except you and your intended recipient(s). Many well-known and widely used Instant-Messaging (IM) applications (such as Signal, WhatsApp, and Apple's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Mashari Alatawi , Nitesh Saxena

End-to-End Encryption (E2EE) ensures that only the intended recipient(s) can read messages. Popular instant messaging (IM) applications such as Signal, WhatsApp, Apple's iMessage, and Telegram claim to offer E2EE. However, client-side…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Hamish Alsop , Douglas Alsop , Joseph Solomon , Liam Aumento , Mark Butters , Cameron Millar , Yagmur Yigit , Leandros Maglaras , Naghmeh Moradpoor

Billions of secure messaging users have adopted end-to-end encryption (E2EE). Nevertheless, challenges remain. Most communication applications do not provide E2EE, and application silos prevent interoperability. Our qualitative analysis of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Tarun Yadav , Austin Cook , Justin Hales , Kent Seamons

The content host services (like Dropbox, OneDrive, and Google Drive) used by enterprise customers are deployed either on premise or in cloud. Because users may store business-sensitive data (contents) in these hosting services, they may…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Chaoting Xuan

WhatsApp messenger is arguably the most popular mobile app available on all smart-phones. Over one billion people worldwide for free messaging, calling, and media sharing use it. In April 2016, WhatsApp switched to a default end-to-end…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Nidhi Rastogi , James Hendler

Sensors are embedded in security-critical applications from medical devices to nuclear power plants, but their outputs can be spoofed through electromagnetic and other types of signals transmitted by attackers at a distance. To address the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Ilias Giechaskiel , Youqian Zhang , Kasper B. Rasmussen

End-to-end encryption (E2EE) has become the gold standard for securing communications, bringing strong confidentiality and privacy guarantees to billions of users worldwide. However, the current push towards widespread integration of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Mallory Knodel , Andrés Fábrega , Daniella Ferrari , Jacob Leiken , Betty Li Hou , Derek Yen , Sam de Alfaro , Kyunghyun Cho , Sunoo Park

End-to-end encryption (E2EE) has emerged as a fundamental element of modern digital communication, protecting data from unauthorized access during transmission. By design, E2EE ensures that only the intended recipient can decrypt the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Hamish Alsop , Leandros Maglaras , Helge Janicke , Iqbal H. Sarker , Mohamed Amine Ferrag

End-to-end encrypted (E2EE) messaging is an essential first step in providing message confidentiality. Unfortunately, all security guarantees of end-to-end encryption are lost when keys or plaintext are disclosed, either due to device…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Anrin Chakraborti , Darius Suciu , Radu Sion

In this paper, we assess existing technical proposals for content moderation in End-to-End Encryption (E2EE) services. First, we explain the various tools in the content moderation toolbox, how they are used, and the different phases of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Seny Kamara , Mallory Knodel , Emma Llansó , Greg Nojeim , Lucy Qin , Dhanaraj Thakur , Caitlin Vogus

End-to-end encryption (E2EE) by messaging platforms enable people to securely and privately communicate with one another. Its widespread adoption however raised concerns that illegal content might now be shared undetected. Following the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Shubham Jain , Ana-Maria Cretu , Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye

Threat modelling is foundational to secure systems engineering and should be done in consideration of the context within which systems operate. On the other hand, the continuous evolution of both the technical sophistication of threats and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Partha Das Chowdhury , Maria Sameen , Jenny Blessing , Nicholas Boucher , Joseph Gardiner , Tom Burrows , Ross Anderson , Awais Rashid

In recent years, insider threats and attacks have been increasing in terms of frequency and cost to the corporate business. The utilization of end-to-end encrypted instant messaging applications (WhatsApp, Telegram, VPN) by malicious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Janardhan Kalikiri , Gaurav Varshney , Jaswinder Kour , Tarandeep Singh

We live in a generation where the world around us is witnessing technological revolutions every single day, and as a result of this, everything around us is getting digitized with the touch of technology. In order to keep up the pace of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Pinaki Prasad Guha Neogi

The advent of end-to-end encrypted (E2EE) messaging and backup services has brought new challenges for usable authentication. Compared to regular web services, the nature of E2EE implies that the provider cannot recover data for users who…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Jenny Blessing , Daniel Hugenroth , Ross J. Anderson , Alastair R. Beresford

Instant messaging services are quickly becoming the most dominant form of communication among consumers around the world. Apple iMessage, for example, handles over 2 billion message each day, while WhatsApp claims 16 billion messages from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-03-11 Scott Coull , Kevin Dyer

Encryption is crucial for securing sensitive data during transmission over networks. Various encryption techniques exist, such as AES, DES, and RC4, with AES being the most renowned algorithm. We proposed methodology that enables users to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wasim Abbas , Salaki Reynaldo Joshua , Asim Abbas , Je-Hoon Lee

This work explores injection attacks against password managers. In this setting, the adversary (only) controls their own application client, which they use to "inject" chosen payloads to a victim's client via, for example, sharing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Andrés Fábrega , Armin Namavari , Rachit Agarwal , Ben Nassi , Thomas Ristenpart
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