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Based on the foundation of Large Language Models (LLMs), Multilingual LLMs (MLLMs) have been developed to address the challenges faced in multilingual natural language processing, hoping to achieve knowledge transfer from high-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yuemei Xu , Ling Hu , Jiayi Zhao , Zihan Qiu , Kexin XU , Yuqi Ye , Hanwen Gu

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to significant improvements in various natural language processing tasks. However, the evaluation of LLMs' legal knowledge, particularly in non-English languages such as…

Mathematical reasoning remains one of the most challenging domains for large language models (LLMs), requiring not only linguistic understanding but also structured logical deduction and numerical precision. While recent LLMs demonstrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Mahbub E Sobhani , Md. Faiyaz Abdullah Sayeedi , Tasnim Mohiuddin , Md Mofijul Islam , Swakkhar Shatabda

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to a greater challenge of having a rigorous and systematic evaluation of complex tasks performed, especially in enterprise applications. Therefore, LLMs need to be able to benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Bing Zhang , Mikio Takeuchi , Ryo Kawahara , Shubhi Asthana , Md. Maruf Hossain , Guang-Jie Ren , Kate Soule , Yada Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language processing tasks, such as text generation and semantic understanding. However, their performance on numerical reasoning tasks, such as basic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Haoyang Li , Xuejia Chen , Zhanchao XU , Darian Li , Nicole Hu , Fei Teng , Yiming Li , Luyu Qiu , Chen Jason Zhang , Qing Li , Lei Chen

As large language models (LLMs) are employed worldwide, existing evaluation paradigms for their multilingual capabilities primarily focus on factual task performance, neglecting the ability to judge content's deep-level values across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yukun Chen , Xinyu Zhang , Boyi Deng , Jialong Tang , Yu Wan , Fei Huang , Yuxi Zhou , Baosong Yang , Yiming Li

Built on the power of LLMs, numerous multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently achieved remarkable performance on various vision-language tasks. However, most existing MLLMs and benchmarks primarily focus on single-image input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Haowei Liu , Xi Zhang , Haiyang Xu , Yaya Shi , Chaoya Jiang , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Chunfeng Yuan , Bing Li , Weiming Hu

Model merging provides a scalable alternative to multi-task training by combining specialized finetuned models through parameter arithmetic, enabling efficient deployment without the need for joint training or access to all task data. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yifei He , Siqi Zeng , Yuzheng Hu , Rui Yang , Tong Zhang , Han Zhao

Recently, Large Language Models (LLM) have demonstrated impressive capability to solve a wide range of tasks. However, despite their success across various tasks, no prior work has investigated their capability in the biomedical domain yet.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Israt Jahan , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Chun Peng , Jimmy Huang

From pre-trained language model (PLM) to large language model (LLM), the field of natural language processing (NLP) has witnessed steep performance gains and wide practical uses. The evaluation of a research field guides its direction of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Ziyu Zhuang , Qiguang Chen , Longxuan Ma , Mingda Li , Yi Han , Yushan Qian , Haopeng Bai , Zixian Feng , Weinan Zhang , Ting Liu

The development of open-source, multilingual medical language models can benefit a wide, linguistically diverse audience from different regions. To promote this domain, we present contributions from the following: First, we construct a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Pengcheng Qiu , Chaoyi Wu , Xiaoman Zhang , Weixiong Lin , Haicheng Wang , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Weidi Xie

The advances of large foundation models necessitate wide-coverage, low-cost, and zero-contamination benchmarks. Despite continuous exploration of language model evaluations, comprehensive studies on the evaluation of Large Multi-modal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Kaichen Zhang , Bo Li , Peiyuan Zhang , Fanyi Pu , Joshua Adrian Cahyono , Kairui Hu , Shuai Liu , Yuanhan Zhang , Jingkang Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ziwei Liu

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) possess impressive multilingual understanding and generation capabilities. However, their performance and cross-lingual alignment often lag for non-dominant languages. A common solution is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Mengyu Bu , Shaolei Zhang , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Yang Feng

Currently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable results in machine translation. However, their performance in multi-domain translation (MDT) is less satisfactory, the meanings of words can vary across different domains,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhibo Man , Yuanmeng Chen , Yujie Zhang , Jinan Xu

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems have demonstrated remarkable promise for tackling complex tasks by breaking them down into subtasks that are iteratively planned, executed, observed, and refined. Despite their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Enhao Zhang , Erkang Zhu , Gagan Bansal , Adam Fourney , Hussein Mozannar , Jack Gerrits

Code large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in code debugging by directly generating the correct code based on the buggy code snippet. Programming benchmarks, typically consisting of buggy code snippet and their…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities across many domains, yet their evaluation in financial quantitative tasks remains fragmented and mostly limited to knowledge-centric question answering. We introduce QuantEval, a…

Existing benchmarks for evaluating mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs) rely primarily on competition problems, formal proofs, or artificially challenging questions -- failing to capture the nature of mathematics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jie Zhang , Cezara Petrui , Kristina Nikolić , Florian Tramèr

In this paper, we present GEM as a General Evaluation benchmark for Multimodal tasks. Different from existing datasets such as GLUE, SuperGLUE, XGLUE and XTREME that mainly focus on natural language tasks, GEM is a large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Lin Su , Nan Duan , Edward Cui , Lei Ji , Chenfei Wu , Huaishao Luo , Yongfei Liu , Ming Zhong , Taroon Bharti , Arun Sacheti

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to code-related tasks, a central question emerges: Do LLMs truly understand program semantics? We introduce EquiBench, a new benchmark for evaluating LLMs through equivalence checking, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Anjiang Wei , Jiannan Cao , Ran Li , Hongyu Chen , Yuhui Zhang , Ziheng Wang , Yuan Liu , Thiago S. F. X. Teixeira , Diyi Yang , Ke Wang , Alex Aiken