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We report on ultrasonic imaging in a random heterogeneous medium. The goal is to detect flaws embedded deeply into a polycrystalline material. A 64-element array of piezoelectric transmitters/receivers at a central frequency of 5 MHz is…
Coherent surface scattering imaging (CSSI) is an emerging experimental technique uniquely suited to probing the structure of thin nanostructures. In these experiments, a specimen is placed on a substrate, and a series of X-ray diffraction…
The extension of the classical Bayesian penalized spline method to inference on vector-valued functions is considered, with an emphasis on characterizing the suitability of the method for general application.We show that the standard…
A method for detecting and approximating fault lines or surfaces, respectively, or decision curves in two and three dimensions with guaranteed accuracy is presented. Reformulated as a classification problem, our method starts from a set of…
This paper explores the lowest data resolution at which the partial structure R1 (pR1) method can determine a small-molecule crystal structure. Three specific structures have been studied. For a structure having 4 S atoms out of total 32…
We use cyclic spectroscopy to directly measure the scintillation parameter $C_1$ for the millisecond pulsar B1937+21. This marks the first time this constant has been measured for any pulsar without assuming a pulse broadening function…
We present a robust approach to incorporating models for the time-variable broadening of the pulse profile due to scattering in the ionized interstellar medium into profile-domain pulsar timing analysis. We use this approach to…
This paper considers the problem of positive semidefinite factorization (PSD factorization), a generalization of exact nonnegative matrix factorization. Given an $m$-by-$n$ nonnegative matrix $X$ and an integer $k$, the PSD factorization…
Nonlinear non-Gaussian state-space models are ubiquitous in statistics, econometrics, information engineering and signal processing. Particle methods, also known as Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods, provide reliable numerical…
X-ray scattering patterns from emerging single particle experiments have commonly many missing or contaminated pixels. This complicates different analyses including projections on Fourier or other basis functions (for noise suppression,…
Volumetric crystal structure indexing and orientation mapping are key data processing steps for virtually any quantitative study of spatial correlations between the local chemistry and the microstructure of a material. For electron and…
Analysis of spatial multivariate data, i.e., measurements at irregularly-spaced locations, is a challenging topic in visualization and statistics alike. Such data are integral to many domains, e.g., indicators of valuable minerals are…
Pattern matching between target electron backscatter patterns (EBSPs) and dynamically simulated EBSPs was used to determine the pattern centre (PC) and crystal orientation, using a global optimisation algorithm. Systematic analysis of error…
Local bond order parameters based on spherical harmonics, also known as Steinhardt order parameters, are often used to determine crystal structures in molecular simulations. Here we propose a modification of this method in which the complex…
The core theme of X-ray crystallography is reconstructing the electron density distribution of crystals under the constraints of observed diffraction data. Nevertheless, the reconstruction of electron density distribution by straightforward…
Recently we developed a formalism for the scattering from linear and acyclic branched structures build of mutually non-interacting sub-units.{[}C. Svaneborg and J. S. Pedersen, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 104105 (2012){]} We assumed each sub-unit…
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging traditionally requires precise knowledge of system parameters to implement focusing algorithms that transform raw data into high-resolution images. These algorithms require knowledge of SAR system…
Distributed scatterers in InSAR (DS-InSAR) processing are essential for retrieving surface deformation in areas lacking strong point targets. Conventional workflows typically involve selecting statistically homogeneous pixels based on…
This paper develops a comprehensive target modeling, beamforming optimization, and parameter estimation framework for extended-target sensing in wideband MIMO-OFDM integrated sensing and communication systems. We propose a parametric…
Missing datasets, in which some objects have missing values in certain dimensions, are prevalent in the Real-world. Existing clustering algorithms for missing datasets first impute the missing values and then perform clustering. However,…