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Related papers: TRACE: Transformer-based Risk Assessment for Clini…

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To analyze the scaling potential of deep tabular representation learning models, we introduce a novel Transformer-based architecture specifically tailored to tabular data and cross-table representation learning by utilizing table-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Maximilian Schambach , Dominique Paul , Johannes S. Otterbach

Automated disease classification of radiology images has been emerging as a promising technique to support clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Unlike generic image classification tasks, a real-world radiology image classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Congbo Ma , Hu Wang , Steven C. H. Hoi

Background: Clinical predictive tools quantify contributions of relevant patient characteristics to derive likelihood of diseases or predict clinical outcomes. When selecting a predictive tool, for implementation at clinical practice or for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Mohamed Khalifa , Farah Magrabi , Blanca Gallego

AI-driven penetration testing agents are now capable of autonomously executing attacks within compromised networks. Identifying the model family that controls the active sessions of such agents provides valuable information towards…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Murali Ediga , Sudipta Chattopadhyay

Objective: Recent advances in language models have shown potential to adapt professional-facing biomedical literature to plain language, making it accessible to patients and caregivers. However, their unpredictability, combined with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Brian Ondov , William Xia , Kush Attal , Ishita Unde , Jerry He , Dina Demner-Fushman

A new model validation and performance assessment tool is introduced, the sliding threshold of observation for numeric evaluation (STONE) curve. It is based on the relative operating characteristic (ROC) curve technique, but instead of…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-07-17 Michael W. Liemohn , Abigail R. Azari , Natalia Ganushkina , Lutz Rastaetter

We present a novel methodology for integrating high resolution longitudinal data with the dynamic prediction capabilities of survival models. The aim is two-fold: to improve the predictive power while maintaining interpretability of the…

Applications · Statistics 2024-03-07 Giacomo Lancia , Meri Varkila , Olaf Cremer , Cristian Spitoni

The healthcare industry generates troves of unlabelled physiological data. This data can be exploited via contrastive learning, a self-supervised pre-training method that encourages representations of instances to be similar to one another.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Dani Kiyasseh , Tingting Zhu , David A. Clifton

In personalised decision making, evidence is required to determine whether an action (treatment) is suitable for an individual. Such evidence can be obtained by modelling treatment effect heterogeneity in subgroups. The existing…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-24 Jiuyong Li , Lin Liu , Shisheng Zhang , Saisai Ma , Thuc Duy Le , Jixue Liu

In 2019, The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) launched an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Health Outcomes Challenge seeking solutions to predict risk in value-based care for incorporation into CMS Innovation Center payment and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Chuhong Lahlou , Ancil Crayton , Caroline Trier , Evan Willett

We present CASE, an open-source framework for adaptive participatory research and disease surveillance. Unlike traditional survey platforms with static branching logic, CASE uses an event-driven architecture that adjusts survey workflows in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Marco Hirsch , Peter Hevesi , Paul Lukowicz

We introduce a new preference-based framework for conditional treatment effect estimation and policy learning, built on the Conditional Preference-based Treatment Effect (CPTE). CPTE requires only that outcomes be ranked under a preference…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-04 Dovid Parnas , Mathieu Even , Julie Josse , Uri Shalit

Risk-adjusted quality measures are used to evaluate healthcare providers while controlling for factors beyond their control. Existing healthcare provider profiling approaches typically assume that the risk adjustment is perfect and the…

Applications · Statistics 2022-07-26 Nicholas Hartman , Joseph M. Messana , Jian Kang , Abhijit S. Naik , Tempie H. Shearon , Kevin He

Randomized controlled trials often do not represent the populations where decisions are made, and covariate shift across studies can invalidate standard IPD meta-analysis and transport estimators. We propose a placebo-anchored transport…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-08 Zilong Wang , Ali Abdeen , Turgay Ayer

Recent deep learning research based on Transformer model architectures has demonstrated state-of-the-art performance across a variety of domains and tasks, mostly within the computer vision and natural language processing domains. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Benjamin Shickel , Patrick J. Tighe , Azra Bihorac , Parisa Rashidi

Skeleton-based multi-entity action recognition is a challenging task aiming to identify interactive actions or group activities involving multiple diverse entities. Existing models for individuals often fall short in this task due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yuhang Wen , Mengyuan Liu , Songtao Wu , Beichen Ding

We propose TRAC, a tool for the specification and verification of coordinated multiparty distributed systems. Relying on finite-state machines (FSMs) where transition labels look like Hoare triples, \thetool can specify the coordination of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Joao Afonso , Elvis Konjoh Selabi , Maurizio Murgia , Antonio Ravara , Emilio Tuosto

Reinforcement learning (RL) in healthcare has had mixed results, with reward sparsity, unreliable off-policy evaluation, and deployment-simulation gap as recurring failure modes. We argue that chronic disease management is structurally a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Prabhjot Singh , Abhishek Gupta , Chris Betz , Abe Flansburg , Brett Ives , Sudeep Lama , Jung Hoon Son

In healthcare, risk assessment of patient outcomes has been based on survival analysis for a long time, i.e. modeling time-to-event associations. However, conventional approaches rely on data from a single time-point, making them suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Mine Öğretir , Miika Koskinen , Juha Sinisalo , Risto Renkonen , Harri Lähdesmäki

The fields of therapeutic application and drug research and development (R&D) both face substantial challenges, i.e., the therapeutic domain calls for more treatment alternatives, while numerous promising pre-clinical drugs have failed in…