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Punctuated Equilibrium (PE) states that after long periods of evolutionary quiescence, species evolution can take place in short time intervals, where sudden differentiation makes new species emerge and some species extinct. In this paper,…
This paper resolves the empirical puzzle in the public-private wage literature: why studies using similar data reach contradictory conclusions about wage premiums and penalties. Utilizing rich French administrative panel data (2012-2019),…
In earlier work, we derived a nonlinear, nonlocal Fokker-Planck equation for the Yard-Sale Model of asset exchange. In the absence of redistribution, we showed that the Gini coefficient is a Lyapunov functional for this model, tending to…
The objective of this study is applying a utility based analysis to a comparatively efficient design experiment which can capture people's perception towards the various components of a commodity. Here we studied the multi-dimensional…
PageRank is a widely used algorithm for ranking webpages and plays a significant role in determining web traffic. This study employs the Gini coefficient, a measure of income/wealth inequality, to assess the inequality in PageRank…
Social dilemmas present a significant challenge in multi-agent cooperation because individuals are incentivised to behave in ways that undermine socially optimal outcomes. Consequently, self-interested agents often avoid collective…
We propose a new Gini correlation to measure dependence between a categorical and numerical variables. Analogous to Pearson $R^2$ in ANOVA model, the Gini correlation is interpreted as the ratio of the between-group variation and the total…
Graph neural networks (GNNs) have proven to be an effective tool for enhancing the performance of recommender systems. However, these systems often suffer from popularity bias, leading to an unfair advantage for frequently interacted items,…
We investigate optimal social welfare allocations of $m$ items to $n$ agents with binary additive or submodular valuations. For binary additive valuations, we prove that the set of optimal allocations coincides with the set of so-called…
The categorical Gini correlation proposed by Dang et al. is a dependence measure to characterize independence between categorical and numerical variables. The asymptotic distributions of the sample correlation under dependence and…
We study the mathematical and economic structure of the Kolkata (k) index of income inequality. We show that the k-index always exists and is a unique fixed point of the complementary Lorenz function, where the Lorenz function itself gives…
Based on the observation that many existing discrete choice models admit a welfare function of utilities whose gradient gives the choice probability vector, we propose a new representation of discrete choice model which we call the…
This paper mainly focuses on the utilization frequency in receiving end of communication systems, which shows the inclination of the user about different symbols. When the average number of use is limited, a specific utility distribution is…
Personal income distribution may exhibit a two-class structure, such that the lower income class of the population (85-98%) is described by exponential Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution, whereas the upper income class (15-2%) has a Pareto…
This study proposes a new efficiency requirement, a minimal almost weak Pareto principle, which says that x is socially better than y whenever the only one individual never prefers y to x, and all the others prefers x to y. Then, I show…
Across income groups and countries, individual citizens perceive economic inequality spectacularly wrong. These misperceptions have far-reaching consequences, as it is perceived inequality, not actualinequality informing redistributive…
We consider strategy proof mechanisms for facility location which maximize equitability between agents. As is common in the literature, we measure equitability with the Gini index. We first prove a simple but fundamental impossibility…
We use decision theory to compare variants of differential privacy from the perspective of prospective study participants. We posit the existence of a preference ordering on the set of potential consequences that study participants can…
Motivated by applications such as viral marketing, the problem of influence maximization (IM) has been extensively studied in the literature. The goal is to select a small number of users to adopt an item such that it results in a large…
We study the effect of the number of users on the activity of communities within the online content sharing and discussion platform Reddit, called subreddits. We found that comment activity on Reddit has a heavy-tailed distribution, where a…