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The observable spacetime can be viewed as worldline coincidences (events) between a particle system and the observers of an extended (material) reference frame (ERF). Particle positions are then operationally well defined with respect to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-07 Eduardo O. Dias

Non-relativistic quantum mechanics is shown to emerge from classical mechanics through the requirement of a relativity principle based on special transformations acting on position and momentum uncertainties. These transformations keep the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Léon Brenig

The uncertainty relation of three quantities in quantum mechanics is estimated in terms of commutators. The Pauli matrices are used to find a contribution of third-order commutators. The resulting inequality refines the Heisenberg…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-30 Sergei P. Efimov

Our knowledge of quantum mechanics can satisfactorily describe simple, microscopic systems, but is yet to explain the macroscopic everyday phenomena we observe. Here we aim to shed some light on the quantum-to-classical transition as seen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-14 Isadora Veeren , Fernando de Melo

Uncertainty relations are a distinctive characteristic of quantum theory that impose intrinsic limitations on the precision with which physical properties can be simultaneously determined. The modern work on uncertainty relations employs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-16 Shmuel Friedland , Vlad Gheorghiu , Gilad Gour

Since the uncertainty about an observable of a system prepared in a quantum state is usually described by its variance, when the state is mixed, the variance is a hybrid of quantum and classical uncertainties. Besides that, complementarity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-07 Marcos L. W. Basso , Jonas Maziero

In this essay it will be shown that the introduction of a modification to Heisenberg algebra (here this feature means the existence of a minimal obserlvable length), as a fundamental part of the quantization process of the electrodynamical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Abel Camacho

The study of quantum reference frames has received renewed interest over the last years, leading to the parallel development of non-equivalent frameworks by different communities. We clarify the differences between these frameworks. At the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Guilhem Doat , Augustin Vanrietvelde

The phase resolution of interferometers is limited by the so-called Heisenberg limit, which states that the optimum phase sensitivity is inversely proportional to the number of interfering particles N, a 1/sqrt{N} improvement over the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 H. Uys , P. Meystre

The developments of special relativity and quantum mechanics marked the beginning of the modern physics age. The former has taught us that while space and time are frame dependent notions, there is a quantity -- the space-time interval --…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Matheus Fritsch Savi , Renato Moreira Angelo

Within the formulation of a q-deformed Quantum Mechanics a qualitative undercut of the q-deformed uncertainty relation from the Heisenberg uncertainty relation is revealed. When $q$ is some fixed value not equal to one, recovering of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Jian-zu Zhang

The quantum space-time model which accounts material Reference Frames (RF) quantum effects considered for flat space-time and ADM canonical gravity. As was shown by Aharonov for RF - free material object its c.m. nonrelativistic motion in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Mayburov

We present the uncertainty relation for the characteristic functions (ChUR) of the quantum mechanical position and momentum probability distributions. This inequality is more general than the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, and is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-17 Łukasz Rudnicki , Daniel S. Tasca , Stephen P. Walborn

The Heisenberg-Robertson uncertainty relation quantitatively expresses the impossibility of jointly sharp preparation of incompatible observables. However it does not capture the concept of incompatible observables because it can be trivial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-25 Kunkun Wang , Xiang Zhan , Zhihao Bian , Jian Li , Yongsheng Zhang , Peng Xue

If spacetime undergoes quantum fluctuations, an electromagnetic wavefront will acquire uncertainties in direction as well as phase as it propagates through spacetime. These uncertainties can show up in interferometric observations of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-15 Y. Jack Ng

Based on a recent relational formulation of quantum reference frame transformations, especially with a case of quantum spatial translations in particular, we analyzed how the `value' of an observable for a fixed state change. That is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 Otto C. W. Kong

We propose a new generalised formalism for estimating the quantum phase uncertainty of pure and mixed continuous-variable quantum states and compare this with the phase uncertainty given by the quantum Fisher information. In order to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-02 Jaewoo Joo , Jacob A. Dunningham , Daniel K. L. Oi , Timothy P. Spiller

Ever since Werner Heisenberg's 1927 paper on uncertainty, there has been considerable hesitancy in simultaneously considering positions and momenta in quantum contexts, since these are incompatible observables. But this persistent…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2012-06-06 Thomas L Curtright , Cosmas K Zachos

We discuss, at leading order in $\hbar$, the quantum mechanics of a specific realization in phase space of the Yang model describing noncommutative geometry in a curved background. In particular, we show how the deformation of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-06 S. Meljanac , S. Mignemi

A reference frame F is described by the element g of the Poincare' group P which connects F with a given fixed frame F_0. If F is a quantum frame, defined by a physical object following the laws of quantum physics, the parameters of g have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 S. Mazzucchi