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Deep learning systems are prone to catastrophic forgetting when learning from a sequence of tasks, as old data from previous tasks is unavailable when learning a new task. To address this, some methods propose replaying data from previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Chenyang Wang , Junjun Jiang , Xingyu Hu , Xianming Liu , Xiangyang Ji

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse domains, but their performance can be severely degraded by noisy or corrupted training data. Conventional noise mitigation methods often rely on explicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Deliang Jin , Gang Chen , Shuo Feng , Yufeng Ling , Haoran Zhu

Machine unlearning (MU) aims to remove the influence of specific training samples from a well-trained model, a task of growing importance due to the ``right to be forgotten.'' The unlearned model should approach the retrained model, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xinwen Cheng , Zhehao Huang , Wenxin Zhou , Zhengbao He , Ruikai Yang , Yingwen Wu , Xiaolin Huang

Efficient deployment of deep neural networks on resource-constrained devices demands advanced compression techniques that preserve accuracy and interoperability. This paper proposes a machine learning framework that augments Knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 David E. Hernandez , Jose Ramon Chang , Torbjörn E. M. Nordling

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been applied in class incremental learning, which aims to solve common real-world problems of learning new classes continually. One drawback of standard DNNs is that they are prone to catastrophic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Bowen Zhao , Xi Xiao , Guojun Gan , Bin Zhang , Shutao Xia

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and Gemini has shown their powerful natural language generation capabilities. However, these models can inadvertently learn and retain sensitive information and harmful content…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shang Wang , Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Wanlei Zhou

The goal of continual learning (CL) is to learn a sequence of tasks without suffering from the phenomenon of catastrophic forgetting. Previous work has shown that leveraging memory in the form of a replay buffer can reduce performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Sayna Ebrahimi , Suzanne Petryk , Akash Gokul , William Gan , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Marcus Rohrbach , Trevor Darrell

The past a few years have witnessed the great success of large language models, demonstrating powerful capabilities in comprehending textual data and generating human-like languages. Large language models achieve success by being trained on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Estrid He , Tabinda Sarwar , Ibrahim Khalil , Xun Yi , Ke Wang

This study bridges cognitive science and neural network design by examining whether artificial models exhibit human-like forgetting curves. Drawing upon Ebbinghaus' seminal work on memory decay and principles of spaced repetition, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Dylan Kline

The rise of the phenomenon of the "right to be forgotten" has prompted research on machine unlearning, which grants data owners the right to actively withdraw data that has been used for model training, and requires the elimination of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Yifu Sun , Chuanyao Zhang , Jing Xiao

Most modern neural networks for classification fail to take into account the concept of the unknown. Trained neural networks are usually tested in an unrealistic scenario with only examples from a closed set of known classes. In an attempt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Justin Leo , Jugal Kalita

Class-incremental learning (CIL) suffers from the notorious dilemma between learning newly added classes and preserving previously learned class knowledge. That catastrophic forgetting issue could be mitigated by storing historical data for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Tianlong Chen , Sijia Liu , Shiyu Chang , Lisa Amini , Zhangyang Wang

Incremental learning is a form of online learning. Incremental learning can modify the parameters and structure of the deep learning model so that the model does not forget the old knowledge while learning new knowledge. Preventing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Sheng Ren , Yan He , Neal N. Xiong , Kehua Guo

The ability to learn new concepts sequentially is a major weakness for modern neural networks, which hinders their use in non-stationary environments. Their propensity to fit the current data distribution to the detriment of the past…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-02 Umberto Cappellazzo , Muqiao Yang , Daniele Falavigna , Alessio Brutti

The Right to be Forgotten is a core principle outlined by regulatory frameworks such as the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This principle allows individuals to request that their personal data be deleted from deployed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Alex Oesterling , Jiaqi Ma , Flavio P. Calmon , Hima Lakkaraju

Unlearning in large language models (LLMs) aims to remove specified data, but its efficacy is typically assessed with task-level metrics like accuracy and perplexity. We show that these metrics can be misleading, as models can appear to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xiaoyu Xu , Xiang Yue , Yang Liu , Qingqing Ye , Huadi Zheng , Peizhao Hu , Minxin Du , Haibo Hu

Although deep learning approaches have stood out in recent years due to their state-of-the-art results, they continue to suffer from catastrophic forgetting, a dramatic decrease in overall performance when training with new classes added…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Francisco M. Castro , Manuel J. Marín-Jiménez , Nicolás Guil , Cordelia Schmid , Karteek Alahari

Machine learning has attracted widespread attention and evolved into an enabling technology for a wide range of highly successful applications, such as intelligent computer vision, speech recognition, medical diagnosis, and more. Yet a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Heng Xu , Tianqing Zhu , Lefeng Zhang , Wanlei Zhou , Philip S. Yu

Modern information retrieval (IR) models, trained exclusively on standard <query, passage> pairs, struggle to effectively interpret and follow explicit user instructions. We introduce InF-IR, a large-scale, high-quality training corpus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yuchen Zhuang , Aaron Trinh , Rushi Qiang , Haotian Sun , Chao Zhang , Hanjun Dai , Bo Dai

Machine unlearning is the process of efficiently removing specific information from a trained machine learning model without retraining from scratch. Existing unlearning methods, which often provide provable guarantees, typically involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Somnath Basu Roy Chowdhury , Rahul Kidambi , Avinava Dubey , David Wang , Gokhan Mergen , Amr Ahmed , Aranyak Mehta