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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in generating software code for high-level programming languages such as Python and C++. However, their application to hardware description languages, such as Verilog,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yan Tan , Xiangchen Meng , Zijun Jiang , Yangdi Lyu

The automatic generation of deep learning (DL) kernels using large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising approach to reduce the manual effort and hardware-specific expertise required for writing high-performance operator…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zhongzhen Wen , Yinghui Zhang , Zhong Li , Zhongxin Liu , Linna Xie , Tian Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in generating structured diagrams from natural language descriptions, particularly Mermaid sequence diagrams for software engineering. However, the lack of existing benchmarks to assess…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Basel Shbita , Farhan Ahmed , Chad DeLuca

Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are widely used in modern hardware design, yet writing Hardware Description Language (HDL) code for FPGA implementation remains a complex and time-consuming task. Large Language Models (LLMs) have…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ce Guo , Tong Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) can often generate functionally correct code, but their ability to produce efficient implementations for performance-critical systems tasks remains limited. Existing code benchmarks mainly emphasize correctness…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Huihao Jing , Wenbin Hu , Haochen Shi , Hanyu Yang , Sirui Zhang , Shaojin Chen , Haoran Li , Yangqiu Song

Although large language models (LLMs) have transformed AI, they still make mistakes and can explore unproductive reasoning paths. Self-correction capability is essential for deploying LLMs in safety-critical applications. We uncover a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ken Tsui

Large language model (LLM) self-correction -- the ability to detect and fix errors in generated outputs -- remains largely ad hoc, relying on generic prompts such as "please reconsider your answer" without systematic error analysis or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yuning Wu , Yingmin Liu , Yang Shu

Existing LLM-based automatic test generation methods mainly produce input and expected output pairs to categorize the intended behavior of correct programs. Although straightforward, these methods have limited diversity in generated tests…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yujian Liu , Jiabao Ji , Yang Zhang , Wenbo Guo , Tommi Jaakkola , Shiyu Chang

This paper presents RTLFixer, a novel framework enabling automatic syntax errors fixing for Verilog code with Large Language Models (LLMs). Despite LLM's promising capabilities, our analysis indicates that approximately 55% of errors in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Yun-Da Tsai , Mingjie Liu , Haoxing Ren

Converting high-level tasks described by natural language into formal specifications like Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is a key step towards providing formal safety guarantees over cyber-physical systems (CPS). While the compliance of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Junle Li , Siqi Chen , Jiakai Li , Meiqi Tian , Bingzhuo Zhong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains, with code generation emerging as a key area of focus. While numerous benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate their code generation abilities,…

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly integrated into practical hardware and firmware development pipelines for code generation. Existing studies have primarily focused on evaluating the functional correctness of LLM-generated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Qirui Chen , Jingxian Shuai , Shuangwu Chen , Shenghao Ye , Zijian Wen , Xufei Su , Jie Jin , Jiangming Li , Jun Chen , Xiaobin Tan , Jian Yang

This paper introduces GLLM, an innovative tool that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to automatically generate G-code from natural language instructions for Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining. GLLM addresses the challenges of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Mohamed Abdelaal , Samuel Lokadjaja , Gilbert Engert

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in front-end code generation. However, existing benchmarks exhibit several critical limitations: many tasks are overly simplistic, test cases often lack rigor, and end-to-end…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Hongda Zhu , Yiwen Zhang , Bing Zhao , Jingzhe Ding , Siyao Liu , Tong Liu , Dandan Wang , Yanan Liu , Zhaojian Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation, but their proficiency in producing secure code remains a critical, under-explored area. Existing benchmarks often fall short by relying on synthetic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yanlin Wang , Ziyao Zhang , Chong Wang , Xinyi Xu , Mingwei Liu , Yong Wang , Jiachi Chen , Zibin Zheng

Writing code requires significant time and effort in software development. To automate this process, researchers have made substantial progress using Large Language Models (LLMs) for code generation. Many benchmarks like HumanEval and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Jia Li , Hongyi Deng , Yiran Zhang , Kechi Zhang , Tianqi Shao , Tiankuo Zhao , Weinan Wang , Zhi Jin , Ge Li , Yang Liu , Yingtao Fang , Yihong Dong

Benchmarks for large language models (LLMs) have progressed from snippet-level function generation to repository-level issue resolution, yet they overwhelmingly target implementation correctness. Software architecture tasks remain…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Bassam Adnan , Aviral Gupta , Sreemaee Akshathala , Karthik Vaidhyanathan

Automated logging statement generation supports developers in documenting critical software runtime behavior. Given the great success in natural language generation and programming language comprehension, large language models (LLMs) might…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yichen Li , Yintong Huo , Zhihan Jiang , Renyi Zhong , Pinjia He , Yuxin Su , Lionel Briand , Michael R. Lyu

Safe deployment of large language models (LLMs) may benefit from a reliable method for assessing their generated content to determine when to abstain or to selectively generate. While likelihood-based metrics such as perplexity are widely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Jie Ren , Yao Zhao , Tu Vu , Peter J. Liu , Balaji Lakshminarayanan

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced text generation capabilities, yet evaluating their performance in generative writing remains a challenge. Existing benchmarks primarily focus on generic text…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yuning Wu , Jiahao Mei , Ming Yan , Chenliang Li , Shaopeng Lai , Yuran Ren , Zijia Wang , Ji Zhang , Mengyue Wu , Qin Jin , Fei Huang