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Diffusion models are well known for their ability to generate a high-fidelity image for an input prompt through an iterative denoising process. Unfortunately, the high fidelity also comes at a high computational cost due the inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Qinchan Li , Kenneth Chen , Changyue Su , Wittawat Jitkrittum , Qi Sun , Patsorn Sangkloy

Recent advances in video generation have enabled thrilling experiences in producing realistic videos driven by scalable diffusion transformers. However, they usually fail to produce satisfactory outputs that are aligned to users' authentic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Xiaomeng Yang , Mengping Yang , Jia Gong , Luozheng Qin , Zhiyu Tan , Hao Li

Text-to-image models take a sentence (i.e., prompt) and generate images associated with this input prompt. These models have created award wining-art, videos, and even synthetic datasets. However, text-to-image (T2I) models can generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Alexander Lin , Lucas Monteiro Paes , Sree Harsha Tanneru , Suraj Srinivas , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) generation have led to impressive visual results. However, these models still face significant challenges when handling complex prompt, particularly those involving multiple subjects with distinct…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Lifeng Chen , Jiner Wang , Zihao Pan , Beier Zhu , Xiaofeng Yang , Chi Zhang

Person re-identification (ReID) aims to retrieve target pedestrian images given either visual queries (image-to-image, I2I) or textual descriptions (text-to-image, T2I). Although both tasks share a common retrieval objective, they pose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Linhan Zhou , Shuang Li , Neng Dong , Yonghang Tai , Yafei Zhang , Huafeng Li

Aligning text-to-image diffusion model (T2I) with preference has been gaining increasing research attention. While prior works exist on directly optimizing T2I by preference data, these methods are developed under the bandit assumption of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Shentao Yang , Tianqi Chen , Mingyuan Zhou

The practical use of text-to-image generation has evolved from simple, monolithic models to complex workflows that combine multiple specialized components. While workflow-based approaches can lead to improved image quality, crafting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Rinon Gal , Adi Haviv , Yuval Alaluf , Amit H. Bermano , Daniel Cohen-Or , Gal Chechik

Although text-to-image (T2I) models have recently thrived as visual generative priors, their reliance on high-quality text-image pairs makes scaling up expensive. We argue that grasping the cross-modality alignment is not a necessity for a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shuailei Ma , Kecheng Zheng , Ying Wei , Wei Wu , Fan Lu , Yifei Zhang , Chen-Wei Xie , Biao Gong , Jiapeng Zhu , Yujun Shen

Well-designed prompts are crucial for enhancing Large language models' (LLMs) reasoning capabilities while aligning their outputs with task requirements across diverse domains. However, manually designed prompts require expertise and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Jinyu Xiang , Jiayi Zhang , Zhaoyang Yu , Xinbing Liang , Fengwei Teng , Jinhao Tu , Fashen Ren , Xiangru Tang , Sirui Hong , Chenglin Wu , Yuyu Luo

Recent developments in large language models (LLM) and generative AI have unleashed the astonishing capabilities of text-to-image generation systems to synthesize high-quality images that are faithful to a given reference text, known as a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Yutong Xie , Zhaoying Pan , Jinge Ma , Luo Jie , Qiaozhu Mei

This paper introduces the first gradient-based framework for prompt optimization in text-to-image diffusion models. We formulate prompt engineering as a discrete optimization problem over the language space. Two major challenges arise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Ruochen Wang , Ting Liu , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Boqing Gong

Prompt tuning has been employed as an efficient way to adapt large vision-language pre-trained models (e.g. CLIP) to various downstream tasks in data-limited or label-limited settings. Nonetheless, visual data (e.g., images) is by default…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Zixian Guo , Bowen Dong , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Yiwen Guo , Wangmeng Zuo

With the open-sourcing of text-to-image models (T2I) such as stable diffusion (SD) and stable diffusion XL (SD-XL), there is an influx of models fine-tuned in specific domains based on the open-source SD model, such as in anime, character…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Ruyi Gan , Xiaojun Wu , Junyu Lu , Yuanhe Tian , Dixiang Zhang , Ziwei Wu , Renliang Sun , Chang Liu , Jiaxing Zhang , Pingjian Zhang , Yan Song

Existing methods for preference tuning of text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models often rely on computationally expensive generation steps to create positive and negative pairs of images. These approaches frequently yield training pairs that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Sanjana Reddy , Ishaan Malhi , Sally Ma , Praneet Dutta

Text-to-image diffusion models have recently emerged at the forefront of image generation, powered by very large-scale unsupervised or weakly supervised text-to-image training datasets. Due to their unsupervised training, controlling their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Mihir Prabhudesai , Anirudh Goyal , Deepak Pathak , Katerina Fragkiadaki

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) has been widely used in vision tasks. Notably, CLIP has demonstrated promising performance in few-shot learning (FSL). However, existing CLIP-based methods in training-free FSL (i.e., without…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yayuan Li , Jintao Guo , Lei Qi , Wenbin Li , Yinghuan Shi

Text-to-image generative models often reflect the biases of the training data, leading to unequal representations of underrepresented groups. This study investigates inclusive text-to-image generative models that generate images based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Cheng Zhang , Xuanbai Chen , Siqi Chai , Chen Henry Wu , Dmitry Lagun , Thabo Beeler , Fernando De la Torre

Personalized Text-to-Image (PT2I) generation aims to produce customized images based on reference images. A prominent interest pertains to the integration of an image prompt adapter to facilitate zero-shot PT2I without test-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Zhizhong Wang , Tianyi Chu , Zeyi Huang , Nanyang Wang , Kehan Li

Benefited from image-text contrastive learning, pre-trained vision-language models, e.g., CLIP, allow to direct leverage texts as images (TaI) for parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT). While CLIP is capable of making image features to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Chun-Mei Feng , Kai Yu , Xinxing Xu , Salman Khan , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Wangmeng Zuo , Yong Liu

Text-to-image synthesis has made remarkable progress, yet accurately interpreting complex and lengthy prompts remains challenging, often resulting in semantic inconsistencies and missing details. Existing solutions, such as fine-tuning, are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Wen Ye , Zhaocheng Liu , Yuwei Gui , Tingyu Yuan , Yunyue Su , Bowen Fang , Chaoyang Zhao , Qiang Liu , Liang Wang