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Adversarial examples expose the vulnerabilities of natural language processing (NLP) models, and can be used to evaluate and improve their robustness. Existing techniques of generating such examples are typically driven by local heuristic…

Understanding the actions of both humans and artificial intelligence (AI) agents is important before modern AI systems can be fully integrated into our daily life. In this paper, we show that, despite their current huge success, deep…

Deep neural networks are at the forefront of machine learning research. However, despite achieving impressive performance on complex tasks, they can be very sensitive: Small perturbations of inputs can be sufficient to induce incorrect…

Adversarial samples are strategically modified samples, which are crafted with the purpose of fooling a classifier at hand. An attacker introduces specially crafted adversarial samples to a deployed classifier, which are being…

Despite the remarkable performance and generalization levels of deep learning models in a wide range of artificial intelligence tasks, it has been demonstrated that these models can be easily fooled by the addition of imperceptible yet…

Neural Networks (NNs) are known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. A malicious agent initiates these attacks by perturbing an input into another one such that the two inputs are classified differently by the NN. In this paper, we…

Recent studies have highlighted the vulnerability of deep neural networks (DNNs) to adversarial examples - a visually indistinguishable adversarial image can easily be crafted to cause a well-trained model to misclassify. Existing methods…

As designers of artificial intelligence try to outwit hackers, both sides continue to hone in on AI's inherent vulnerabilities. Designed and trained from certain statistical distributions of data, AI's deep neural networks (DNNs) remain…

Computational paralinguistic analysis is increasingly being used in a wide range of cyber applications, including security-sensitive applications such as speaker verification, deceptive speech detection, and medical diagnostics. While…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in Computer Vision (CV) are well-known to be vulnerable to Adversarial Examples (AEs), namely imperceptible perturbations added maliciously to cause wrong classification results. Such variability has been a…

Automatic Essay Scoring (AES) is widely used to evaluate candidates for educational purposes. However, due to the lack of representative data, most existing AES systems are not robust, and their scoring predictions are biased towards the…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been found to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. Adversarial examples are malicious images with visually imperceptible perturbations. While these carefully crafted perturbations restricted with tight…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been successful in solving real-world tasks in domains such as connected and automated vehicles, disease, and job hiring. However, their implications are far-reaching in critical application areas. Hence,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities, but remain susceptible to a growing spectrum of safety risks, including jailbreaks, toxic content, hallucinations, and bias. Existing defenses often address only a single threat…

Research shows that natural language processing models are generally considered to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks; but recent work has drawn attention to the issue of validating these adversarial inputs against certain criteria (e.g.,…

Adversarial examples in NLP are receiving increasing research attention. One line of investigation is the generation of word-level adversarial examples against fine-tuned Transformer models that preserve naturalness and grammaticality.…

The transferability of adversarial examples allows for the attack on unknown deep neural networks (DNNs), posing a serious threat to many applications and attracting great attention. In this paper, we improve the transferability of…

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where a small perturbation to an input alters the model prediction. In many cases, malicious inputs intentionally crafted for one model can fool another model. In this paper, we…

Speech emotion recognition (SER) is constantly gaining attention in recent years due to its potential applications in diverse fields and thanks to the possibility offered by deep learning technologies. However, recent studies have shown…

Deep learning based systems are susceptible to adversarial attacks, where a small, imperceptible change at the input alters the model prediction. However, to date the majority of the approaches to detect these attacks have been designed for…