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$ $Large Language Models (LLMs) are being increasingly utilized in various applications, with code generations being a notable example. While previous research has shown that LLMs have the capability to generate both secure and insecure…

This paper introduces SecRepoBench, a benchmark to evaluate code agents on secure code completion in real-world repositories. SecRepoBench has 318 code completion tasks in 27 C/C++ repositories, covering 15 CWEs. We evaluate 29 standalone…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Chihao Shen , Connor Dilgren , Purva Chiniya , Luke Griffith , Yu Ding , Yizheng Chen

Recent advancements in automatic code generation using large language models (LLMs) have brought us closer to fully automated secure software development. However, existing approaches often rely on a single agent for code generation, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Ana Nunez , Nafis Tanveer Islam , Sumit Kumar Jha , Peyman Najafirad

Recently, advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 have been integrated into many real-world applications like Code Copilot. These applications have significantly expanded the attack surface of LLMs, exposing them to a variety of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Huiyu Xu , Wenhui Zhang , Zhibo Wang , Feng Xiao , Rui Zheng , Yunhe Feng , Zhongjie Ba , Kui Ren

The majority of software developers use or are planning to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in their development processes. Their top reasons include improving productivity and faster learning. In fact, Large Language Model…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Srivathsan G Morkonda , Mahmoud Selim , Hala Assal

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly integrated into practical hardware and firmware development pipelines for code generation. Existing studies have primarily focused on evaluating the functional correctness of LLM-generated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Qirui Chen , Jingxian Shuai , Shuangwu Chen , Shenghao Ye , Zijian Wen , Xufei Su , Jie Jin , Jiangming Li , Jun Chen , Xiaobin Tan , Jian Yang

Computer-use agents extend language models from text generation to persistent action over tools, files, and execution environments. Unlike chat systems, they maintain state across interactions and translate intermediate outputs into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yunhao Feng , Yifan Ding , Yingshui Tan , Xingjun Ma , Yige Li , Yutao Wu , Yifeng Gao , Kun Zhai , Yanming Guo

The code generation capabilities of large language models(LLMs) have emerged as a critical dimension in evaluating their overall performance. However, prior research has largely overlooked the security risks inherent in the generated code.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Xinghang Li , Jingzhe Ding , Chao Peng , Bing Zhao , Xiang Gao , Hongwan Gao , Xinchen Gu

The application of Machine Learning techniques in code generation is now a common practice for most developers. Tools such as ChatGPT from OpenAI leverage the natural language processing capabilities of Large Language Models to generate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Ricardo Bessa , Rui Claro , João Trindade , João Lourenço

Existing benchmarks for evaluating the security risks and capabilities (e.g., vulnerability detection) of code-generating large language models (LLMs) face several key limitations: (1) limited coverage of risk and capabilities; (2) reliance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yuzhou Nie , Zhun Wang , Yu Yang , Ruizhe Jiang , Yuheng Tang , Xander Davies , Yarin Gal , Bo Li , Wenbo Guo , Dawn Song

With the growing popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineers' daily practices, it is important to ensure that the code generated by these tools is not only functionally correct but also free of vulnerabilities. Although…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Joanna C. S. Santos , Sajith Devareddy , Anna Muller

AI coding assistants are now central to professional software development, yet their impact on how developers think about and practice security remains poorly understood. While prior work has documented vulnerability rates in AI-generated…

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has enhanced software development processes, minimizing the time and effort required for coding and enhancing developer productivity. However, despite their potential benefits, code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Swaroop Dora , Deven Lunkad , Naziya Aslam , S. Venkatesan , Sandeep Kumar Shukla

Regular expressions (regexes) are a powerful mechanism for solving string-matching problems. They are supported by all modern programming languages, and have been estimated to appear in more than a third of Python and JavaScript projects.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Louis G. Michael , James Donohue , James C. Davis , Dongyoon Lee , Francisco Servant

The evaluation of large language model refusal on malicious-coding tasks now spans at least thirteen publicly released prompt corpora (AdvBench, the CyberSecEval family, RMCBench, RedCode, MCGMark, JailbreakBench, CySecBench, MalwareBench,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Richard J. Young , Gregory D. Moody

As AI code assistants become increasingly integrated into software development workflows, understanding how their code compares to human-written programs is critical for ensuring reliability, maintainability, and security. In this paper, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Domenico Cotroneo , Cristina Improta , Pietro Liguori

There is burgeoning interest in designing AI-based systems to assist humans in designing computing systems, including tools that automatically generate computer code. The most notable of these comes in the form of the first self-described…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Hammond Pearce , Baleegh Ahmad , Benjamin Tan , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Ramesh Karri

The increasing adoption of large language models (LLMs) in software engineering necessitates rigorous security evaluation of their generated code. However, existing benchmarks often lack relevance to real-world AI-assisted programming…

Code generation aims to produce code that fulfills requirements written in natural languages automatically. Large language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have demonstrated promising effectiveness in this area. Nonetheless, these LLMs often fail…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Ruwei Pan , Hongyu Zhang , Chao Liu

Code synthesis, which requires a deep understanding of complex natural language problem descriptions, generation of code instructions for complex algorithms and data structures, and the successful execution of comprehensive unit tests,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Md. Ashraful Islam , Mohammed Eunus Ali , Md Rizwan Parvez