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A quantum fluctuation theorem for a driven quantum subsystem interacting with its environment is derived based solely on the assumption that its reduced density matrix obeys a closed evolution equation i.e. a quantum master equation (QME).…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-03-01 Massimiliano Esposito , Shaul Mukamel

For open quantum systems coupled to a thermal bath at inverse temperature $\beta$, it is well known that under the Born-, Markov-, and secular approximations the system density matrix will approach the thermal Gibbs state with the bath…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-15 Gernot Schaller

The emergence of statistical mechanics from quantum dynamics is a central problem in quantum many-body physics. Deriving observables aligned with the prediction of the canonical ensemble for a quantum system relies on the presence of a bath…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-05 Nikolay V. Gnezdilov , Andrei I. Pavlov

An easily solvable quantum master equation has long been sought that takes into account memory effects induced on the system by the bath, i.e., non-Markovian effects. We briefly review the Post-Markovian master equation (PMME), which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-24 Chris Sutherland , Todd A. Brun , Daniel A. Lidar

We derive semiclassical analytical solutions for both the diagonal and off-diagonal functions in the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in a quarter-stadium quantum billiard. For a representative observable, we obtain an explicit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Yaoqi Ye , Chengkai Lin , Xiao Wang

We consider the problem of finding the energy minimum of a complex quantum Hamiltonian by employing a non-Markovian bath prepared in a low energy state. The energy minimization problem is thus turned into a thermodynamic cooling protocol in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-29 Alberto Imparato , Nicholas Chancellor , Gabriele De Chiara

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) provides a sufficient condition for thermalization of isolated quantum systems. While the standard ETH is formulated in the absence of degeneracy, physical systems often possess symmetries that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-27 Soma Onoda , Osamu Fukushima , Ryusuke Hamazaki , Okuto Morikawa

Having analytical instances of the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) is of obvious interest, both for fundamental and applied reasons. This is generically a hard task, due to the belief that non-linear interactions are basic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-01 Javier M. Magan

Statistical mechanics assumes that a quantum many-body system at low temperature can be effectively described by its Gibbs state. However, many complex quantum systems exist only as metastable states of dissipative open system dynamics,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Thiago Bergamaschi , Chi-Fang Chen , Umesh Vazirani

Temperature determines the relative probability of observing a physical system in an energy state when that system is energetically in equilibrium with its environment. In this paper, we present a theory for engineering the temperature of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-09 Alireza Shabani , Hartmut Neven

Quantum thermodynamics with open systems is often based on the quantum optical weak-coupling master equation or on operational repeated interaction models, whereas early works on thermalisation and on decoherence theory were mostly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-27 Michael Gaida , Giulio Gasbarri , Stefan Nimmrichter

A perturbative quantum master equation is derived for a system interacting with its environment, which is more general than the ones derived before. Our master equation takes into account the effect of the energy exchanges between the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Esposito , P. Gaspard

We analytically derive the exact -- though formal -- master equation for a two-level quantum system (qubit) interacting with a bosonic environment within the rotating-wave approximation, assuming the environment is initially in an arbitrary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Hiromichi Nakazato , Saverio Pascazio

The canonical ensemble plays a crucial role in statistical mechanics in and out of equilibrium. For example, the standard derivation of the fluctuation theorem relies on the assumption that the initial state of the heat bath is the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-04-20 Eiki Iyoda , Kazuya Kaneko , Takahiro Sagawa

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis as well as the quantum ergodic theorem are studied in the light of quantum Fisher information. We show how global bounds on quantum Fisher information set the ETH and ergodicity conditions.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-12-19 Cesar Gomez

Why is thermalisation a universal phenomenon? How does a quantum system reach thermodynamical equilibrium? These questions are not new, dating even from the very birth of quantum theory and have been the subject of a renewed interest over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-05 Grégoire Ithier , Florent Benaych-Georges

There is a dichotomy in the nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum many body systems. In the presence of integrability, expectation values of local operators equilibrate to values described by a generalized Gibbs ensemble, which retains…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-05-15 Neil J. Robinson , Andrew J. A. James , Robert M. Konik

We analyze the Markovian dynamics of a quantum system involving the interaction of two quantized fields at finite temperature decay. Utilizing superoperator techniques and applying two non-unitary transformations, we reformulate the…

The proof of the long-standing conjecture is presented that Markovian quantum master equations are at odds with quantum thermodynamics under conventional assumptions of fluctuation-dissipation theorems (implying a translation invariant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-01 Dmitry V. Zhdanov , Denys I. Bondar , Tamar Seideman

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis provides a framework for understanding thermalization in isolated quantum many-body systems by characterizing statistical properties of local observables in energy eigenstates. Here we demonstrate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-11 Pavel Orlov , Rustem Sharipov , Enej Ilievski