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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) exploit signals from node features and the input graph topology to improve node classification task performance. However, these models tend to perform poorly on heterophilic graphs, where connected nodes have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Vijay Lingam , Chanakya Ekbote , Manan Sharma , Rahul Ragesh , Arun Iyer , Sundararajan Sellamanickam

Graph-structured data are pervasive in the real-world such as social networks, molecular graphs and transaction networks. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in representation learning on graphs, facilitating various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zhimeng Guo , Teng Xiao , Zongyu Wu , Charu Aggarwal , Hui Liu , Suhang Wang

Recently, graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have shown great potential for the task of graph matching. It can integrate graph node feature embedding, node-wise affinity learning and matching optimization together in a unified end-to-end…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Bo Jiang , Pengfei Sun , Jin Tang , Bin Luo

Individual fairness (IF) in graph neural networks (GNNs), which emphasizes the need for similar individuals should receive similar outcomes from GNNs, has been a critical issue. Despite its importance, research in this area has been largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuchang Zhu , Jintang Li , Huizhe Zhang , Liang Chen , Zibin Zheng

Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs)-based recommender systems have encountered great success in recommendation. As the number of GNNs approaches rises, some works have started questioning the theoretical and empirical reasons behind…

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable performance on graph-structured data. However, GNNs may inherit prejudice from the training data and make discriminatory predictions based on sensitive attributes, such as gender and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Yibo Li , Xiao Wang , Yujie Xing , Shaohua Fan , Ruijia Wang , Yaoqi Liu , Chuan Shi

Recently, many researchers have been focusing on the definition of neural networks for graphs. The basic component for many of these approaches remains the graph convolution idea proposed almost a decade ago. In this paper, we extend this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Dinh Van Tran , Nicolò Navarin , Alessandro Sperduti

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a type of neural network capable of learning on graph-structured data. However, training GNNs on large-scale graphs is challenging due to iterative aggregations of high-dimensional features from neighboring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Nikolai Merkel , Pierre Toussing , Ruben Mayer , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

The fundamental principle of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is to exploit the structural information of the data by aggregating the neighboring nodes using a `graph convolution' in conjunction with a suitable choice for the network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Mahalakshmi Sabanayagam , Pascal Esser , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have massively impacted visual recognition in 2D images, and are now ubiquitous in state-of-the-art approaches. CNNs do not easily extend, however, to data that are not represented by regular grids, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-29 Nitika Verma , Edmond Boyer , Jakob Verbeek

In many important graph data processing applications the acquired information includes both node features and observations of the graph topology. Graph neural networks (GNNs) are designed to exploit both sources of evidence but they do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Eli Chien , Jianhao Peng , Pan Li , Olgica Milenkovic

Network control theory (NCT) offers a robust analytical framework for understanding the influence of network topology on dynamic behaviors, enabling researchers to decipher how certain patterns of external control measures can steer system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Anwar Said , Obaid Ullah Ahmad , Waseem Abbas , Mudassir Shabbir , Xenofon Koutsoukos

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a powerful architecture for tackling graph learning tasks, yet have been shown to be oblivious to eminent substructures such as cycles. We present TOGL, a novel layer that incorporates global topological…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Max Horn , Edward De Brouwer , Michael Moor , Yves Moreau , Bastian Rieck , Karsten Borgwardt

Graph signals are signals with an irregular structure that can be described by a graph. Graph neural networks (GNNs) are information processing architectures tailored to these graph signals and made of stacked layers that compose graph…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-19 Luana Ruiz , Fernando Gama , Antonio G. Marques , Alejandro Ribeiro

This work focuses on training graph foundation models (GFMs) that have strong generalization ability in graph-level tasks such as graph classification. Effective GFM training requires capturing information consistent across different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ziheng Sun , Qi Feng , Lehao Lin , Chris Ding , Jicong Fan

This paper reviews graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs) through the lens of edge-variant graph filters. The edge-variant graph filter is a finite order, linear, and local recursion that allows each node, in each iteration, to weigh…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Elvin Isufi , Fernando Gama , Alejandro Ribeiro

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have emerged as powerful models for graph learning tasks, exhibiting promising performance in various domains. While their empirical success is evident, there is a growing need to understand their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Guangrui Yang , Ming Li , Han Feng , Xiaosheng Zhuang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have made significant advances on several fundamental inference tasks. As a result, there is a surge of interest in using these models for making potentially important decisions in high-regret applications.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Kaidi Xu , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Mengshu Sun , Caiwen Ding , Bhavya Kailkhura , Xue Lin

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are characterized by their capacity of processing graph-structured data. However, due to the sparsity of labels under semi-supervised learning, they have been found to exhibit biased performance on specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yihan Zhang

The spatial convolution layer which is widely used in the Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) aggregates the feature vector of each node with the feature vectors of its neighboring nodes. The GNN is not aware of the locations of the nodes in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Mostafa Rahmani , Ping Li