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Deep learning has transformed AI applications but faces critical security challenges, including adversarial attacks, data poisoning, model theft, and privacy leakage. This survey examines these vulnerabilities, detailing their mechanisms…

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly transformed the landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Their impact extends across a diverse spectrum of tasks, revolutionizing how we approach language understanding and generations.…

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has significantly enhanced the ability to effectively tackle various downstream NLP tasks and unify these tasks into generative pipelines. On the one hand, powerful language models, trained on…

With the rapid development of technology and the acceleration of digitalisation, the frequency and complexity of cyber security threats are increasing. Traditional cybersecurity approaches, often based on static rules and predefined…

As large language models (LLMs) permeate more and more applications, an assessment of their associated security risks becomes increasingly necessary. The potential for exploitation by malicious actors, ranging from disinformation to data…

Large Language Models (LLMs), now a foundation in advancing natural language processing, power applications such as text generation, machine translation, and conversational systems. Despite their transformative potential, these models…

Generative large language models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art results on a wide range of tasks, yet they remain susceptible to backdoor attacks: carefully crafted triggers in the input can manipulate the model to produce…

Stealing attack against controlled information, along with the increasing number of information leakage incidents, has become an emerging cyber security threat in recent years. Due to the booming development and deployment of advanced…

Deep learning solutions are instrumental in cybersecurity, harnessing their ability to analyze vast datasets, identify complex patterns, and detect anomalies. However, malevolent actors can exploit these capabilities to orchestrate…

It has recently been shown that adversarial attacks on large language models (LLMs) can "jailbreak" the model into making harmful statements. In this work, we argue that the spectrum of adversarial attacks on LLMs is much larger than merely…

Machine learning models have made many decision support systems to be faster, more accurate, and more efficient. However, applications of machine learning in network security face a more disproportionate threat of active adversarial attacks…

Although pre-trained language models (PrLMs) have achieved significant success, recent studies demonstrate that PrLMs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. By generating adversarial examples with slight perturbations on different levels…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled transformative advancements across diverse applications but remain susceptible to safety threats, especially jailbreak attacks that induce harmful outputs. To systematically evaluate and…

Deep learning (DL) has significantly transformed cybersecurity, enabling advancements in malware detection, botnet identification, intrusion detection, user authentication, and encrypted traffic analysis. However, the rise of adversarial…

Transformer-based pre-trained models of code (PTMC) have been widely utilized and have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many mission-critical applications. However, they can be vulnerable to adversarial attacks through identifier…

With the recent advancements in machine learning (ML), numerous ML-based approaches have been extensively applied in software analytics tasks to streamline software development and maintenance processes. Nevertheless, studies indicate that…

Malicious software (malware) is a major cyber threat that has to be tackled with Machine Learning (ML) techniques because millions of new malware examples are injected into cyberspace on a daily basis. However, ML is vulnerable to attacks…

Code vulnerability detection (CVD) is essential for addressing and preventing system security issues, playing a crucial role in ensuring software security. Previous learning-based vulnerability detection methods rely on either fine-tuning…

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven code generation tools are increasingly used throughout the software development lifecycle to accelerate coding tasks. However, the security of AI-generated code using Large Language Models (LLMs) remains…

Benefiting from the rapid development of deep learning, 2D and 3D computer vision applications are deployed in many safe-critical systems, such as autopilot and identity authentication. However, deep learning models are not trustworthy…