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Quantifying the usefulness of individual features in random forests learning can greatly enhance its interpretability. Existing studies have shown that some popularly used feature importance measures for random forests suffer from the bias…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-14 Chien-Ming Chi , Yingying Fan , Jinchi Lv

Random forests is a state-of-the-art supervised machine learning method which behaves well in high-dimensional settings although some limitations may happen when $p$, the number of predictors, is much larger than the number of observations…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-01 Louis Capitaine , Robin Genuer , Rodolphe Thiébaut

This paper derives a unifying theorem establishing consistency results for a broad class of tree-based algorithms. It improves current results in two aspects. First of all, it can be applied to algorithms that vary from traditional Random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-22 Ricardo Blum , Munir Hiabu , Enno Mammen , Joseph T. Meyer

Random forests are widely used in regression. However, the decision trees used as base learners are poor approximators of linear relationships. To address this limitation we propose RaFFLE (Random Forest Featuring Linear Extensions), a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Jakob Raymaekers , Peter J. Rousseeuw , Thomas Servotte , Tim Verdonck , Ruicong Yao

Throughout the last decade, random forests have established themselves as among the most accurate and popular supervised learning methods. While their black-box nature has made their mathematical analysis difficult, recent work has…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-10 Tim Coleman , Wei Peng , Lucas Mentch

Random forests remain among the most popular off-the-shelf supervised machine learning tools with a well-established track record of predictive accuracy in both regression and classification settings. Despite their empirical success as well…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-15 Lucas Mentch , Siyu Zhou

This work develops formal statistical inference procedures for machine learning ensemble methods. Ensemble methods based on bootstrapping, such as bagging and random forests, have improved the predictive accuracy of individual trees, but…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-09-11 Lucas Mentch , Giles Hooker

Random Forest is an ensemble of decision trees based on the bagging and random subspace concepts. As suggested by Breiman, the strength of unstable learners and the diversity among them are the ensemble models' core strength. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-11 M. A. Ganaie , M. Tanveer , P. N. Suganthan , V. Snasel

We seek decision rules for prediction-time cost reduction, where complete data is available for training, but during prediction-time, each feature can only be acquired for an additional cost. We propose a novel random forest algorithm to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-02-23 Feng Nan , Joseph Wang , Venkatesh Saligrama

Random Forest (Breiman, 2001) is a successful and widely used regression and classification algorithm. Part of its appeal and reason for its versatility is its (implicit) construction of a kernel-type weighting function on training data,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-13 Domagoj Ćevid , Loris Michel , Jeffrey Näf , Nicolai Meinshausen , Peter Bühlmann

Random forests perform bootstrap-aggregation by sampling the training samples with replacement. This enables the evaluation of out-of-bag error which serves as a internal cross-validation mechanism. Our motivation lies in using the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-20 Kiran Bangalore Ravi , Jean Serra

Random forests are a scheme proposed by Leo Breiman in the 2000's for building a predictor ensemble with a set of decision trees that grow in randomly selected subspaces of data. Despite growing interest and practical use, there has been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-03-28 Gérard Biau

Tree ensemble methods such as random forests [Breiman, 2001] are very popular to handle high-dimensional tabular data sets, notably because of their good predictive accuracy. However, when machine learning is used for decision-making…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-28 Erwan Scornet

Random forests are a powerful method for non-parametric regression, but are limited in their ability to fit smooth signals, and can show poor predictive performance in the presence of strong, smooth effects. Taking the perspective of random…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-08 Rina Friedberg , Julie Tibshirani , Susan Athey , Stefan Wager

Random forest is a classification algorithm well suited for microarray data: it shows excellent performance even when most predictive variables are noise, can be used when the number of variables is much larger than the number of…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Ramon Diaz-Uriarte , Sara Alvarez de Andres

We introduce a modification of Random Forests to estimate functions when unobserved confounding variables are present. The technique is tailored for high-dimensional settings with many observed covariates. We use spectral deconfounding…

Computation · Statistics 2025-09-25 Markus Ulmer , Cyrill Scheidegger , Peter Bühlmann

Language models famously improve under a smooth scaling law, but some specific capabilities exhibit sudden breakthroughs in performance. Advocates of "emergence" view these capabilities as unlocked at a specific scale, but others attribute…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Rosie Zhao , Tian Qin , David Alvarez-Melis , Sham Kakade , Naomi Saphra

Random Forests have been extensively used in regression and classification, inspiring the development of various forest-based methods. Among these, Mondrian Forests, derived from the Mondrian process, mark a significant advancement.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-28 Haoran Zhan , Jingli Wang , Yingcun Xia

Random forests are an ensemble method relevant for many problems, such as regression or classification. They are popular due to their good predictive performance (compared to, e.g., decision trees) requiring only minimal tuning of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-20 Nikolaus Umlauf , Nadja Klein

Random Forest has become one of the most popular tools for feature selection. Its ability to deal with high-dimensional data makes this algorithm especially useful for studies in neuroimaging and bioinformatics. Despite its popularity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-10-13 Ender Konukoglu , Melanie Ganz