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Multi-object tracking (MOT) is a challenging vision task that aims to detect individual objects within a single frame and associate them across multiple frames. Recent MOT approaches can be categorized into two-stage tracking-by-detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Run Luo , Zikai Song , Lintao Ma , Jinlin Wei , Wei Yang , Min Yang

This tutorial provides an in-depth guide on inference-time guidance and alignment methods for optimizing downstream reward functions in diffusion models. While diffusion models are renowned for their generative modeling capabilities,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Masatoshi Uehara , Yulai Zhao , Chenyu Wang , Xiner Li , Aviv Regev , Sergey Levine , Tommaso Biancalani

Generative models have recently undergone significant advancement due to the diffusion models. The success of these models can be often attributed to their use of guidance techniques, such as classifier or classifier-free guidance, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Gyeongnyeon Kim , Wooseok Jang , Gyuseong Lee , Susung Hong , Junyoung Seo , Seungryong Kim

The rapid progress of Deepfake technology has made face swapping highly realistic, raising concerns about the malicious use of fabricated facial content. Existing methods often struggle to generalize to unseen domains due to the diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Ke Sun , Shen Chen , Taiping Yao , Hong Liu , Xiaoshuai Sun , Shouhong Ding , Rongrong Ji

Diffusion models have emerged as a promising approach for text generation, with recent works falling into two main categories: discrete and continuous diffusion models. Discrete diffusion models apply token corruption independently using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Bocheng Li , Zhujin Gao , Linli Xu

Deep generative models such as diffusion and flow matching are powerful machine learning tools capable of learning and sampling from high-dimensional distributions. They are particularly useful when the training data appears to be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-30 Zachary Bogorad , Ibrahim Elsharkawy , Yonatan Kahn , Andrew J. Larkoski , Noam Levi

In our contemporary academic inquiry, we present "Diffusion-C," a foundational methodology to analyze the generative restrictions of Diffusion Models, particularly those akin to GANs, DDPM, and DDIM. By employing input visual data that has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Keywoong Bae , Suan Lee , Wookey Lee

Diffusion-based generative models represent a forefront direction in generative AI research today. Recent studies in physics have suggested that the renormalization group (RG) can be conceptualized as a diffusion process. This insight…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-03-04 Artan Sheshmani , Yi-Zhuang You , Baturalp Buyukates , Amir Ziashahabi , Salman Avestimehr

Diffusion Models represent a significant advancement in generative modeling, employing a dual-phase process that first degrades domain-specific information via Gaussian noise and restores it through a trainable model. This framework enables…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Benedikt Hartl , Yanbo Zhang , Hananel Hazan , Michael Levin

Due to network operation and maintenance relying heavily on network traffic monitoring, traffic matrix analysis has been one of the most crucial issues for network management related tasks. However, it is challenging to reliably obtain the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xinyu Yuan , Yan Qiao , Zhenchun Wei , Zeyu Zhang , Minyue Li , Pei Zhao , Rongyao Hu , Wenjing Li

The gradual nature of a diffusion process that synthesizes samples in small increments constitutes a key ingredient of Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPM), which have presented unprecedented quality in image synthesis and been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Zihan Zhang , Richard Liu , Kfir Aberman , Rana Hanocka

Image restoration aims to enhance low quality images, producing high quality images that exhibit natural visual characteristics and fine semantic attributes. Recently, the diffusion model has emerged as a powerful technique for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Jiangtong Tan , Feng Zhao

Causality -- referring to temporal, uni-directional cause-effect relationships between components -- underlies many complex generative processes, including videos, language, and robot trajectories. Current causal diffusion models entangle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Xingjian Bai , Guande He , Zhengqi Li , Eli Shechtman , Xun Huang , Zongze Wu

Discrete-time diffusion-based generative models and score matching methods have shown promising results in modeling high-dimensional image data. Recently, Song et al. (2021) show that diffusion processes that transform data into noise can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Chin-Wei Huang , Jae Hyun Lim , Aaron Courville

Score-based models generate samples by mapping noise to data (and vice versa) via a high-dimensional diffusion process. We question whether it is necessary to run this entire process at high dimensionality and incur all the inconveniences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Bowen Jing , Gabriele Corso , Renato Berlinghieri , Tommi Jaakkola

Practically, training diffusion models typically requires explicit time conditioning to guide the network through the denoising sampling process. Especially in deterministic methods like DDIM, the absence of time conditioning leads to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Liuzhuozheng Li , Zhiyuan Zhan , Shuhong Liu , Dengyang Jiang , Zanyi Wang , Guang Dai , Jingdong Wang , Mengmeng Wang

Recent empirical studies have demonstrated that diffusion models can effectively learn the image distribution and generate new samples. Remarkably, these models can achieve this even with a small number of training samples despite a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Peng Wang , Huijie Zhang , Zekai Zhang , Siyi Chen , Yi Ma , Qing Qu

Diffusion models, the most popular generative paradigm so far, can inject conditional information into the generation path to guide the latent towards desired directions. However, existing text-to-image diffusion models often fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Lichen Bai , Shitong Shao , Zikai Zhou , Zipeng Qi , Zhiqiang Xu , Haoyi Xiong , Zeke Xie

This paper presents a novel theoretical framework for understanding how diffusion models can learn disentangled representations. Within this framework, we establish identifiability conditions for general disentangled latent variable models,…

Diffusion and flow-based models have become the state of the art for generative AI across a wide range of data modalities, including images, videos, shapes, molecules, music, and more. This tutorial provides a self-contained introduction to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Peter Holderrieth , Ezra Erives