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Semi-supervised Anomaly Detection (AD) is a kind of data mining task which aims at learning features from partially-labeled datasets to help detect outliers. In this paper, we classify existing semi-supervised AD methods into two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Chao Chen , Dawei Wang , Feng Mao , Zongzhang Zhang , Yang Yu

Deep Learning is emerging as an effective technique to detect sophisticated cyber-attacks targeting Industrial Control Systems (ICSs). The conventional approach to detection in literature is to learn the "normal" behaviour of the system, to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Maged Abdelaty , Roberto Doriguzzi-Corin , Domenico Siracusa

Recently, neural network (NN)-based methods, including autoencoders, have been proposed for the detection of cyber attacks targeting industrial control systems (ICSs). Such detectors are often retrained, using data collected during system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Moshe Kravchik , Battista Biggio , Asaf Shabtai

Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a crucial tool in network anomaly detection (NAD) for cybersecurity. While DL models for anomaly detection excel at extracting features and learning patterns from data, they are vulnerable to data…

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has raised concerns regarding their dual-use potential in cybersecurity. Existing evaluation frameworks overwhelmingly focus on Information Technology (IT) environments, failing to capture the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Gustav Keppler , Moritz Gstür , Veit Hagenmeyer

The uses of Machine Learning (ML) in detection of network attacks have been effective when designed and evaluated in a single organisation. However, it has been very challenging to design an ML-based detection system by utilising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Mohanad Sarhan , Siamak Layeghy , Nour Moustafa , Marius Portmann

The proliferation of IoT devices and their reliance on Wi-Fi networks have introduced significant security vulnerabilities, particularly the KRACK and Kr00k attacks, which exploit weaknesses in WPA2 encryption to intercept and manipulate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Md Minhazul Islam Munna , Md Mahbubur Rahman , Jaroslav Frnda , Muhammad Shahid Anwar , Alpamis Kutlimuratov

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies continue to gain traction in the modern-day world, they ultimately pose an immediate threat to current cybersecurity systems via exploitative methods. Prompt engineering is a relatively new field…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Haiyan Xuan , Mohith Manohar

This paper develops a novel machine learning-based framework using Semi-Supervised Multi-Task Learning (SS-MTL) for power system dynamic security assessment that is accurate, reliable, and aware of topological changes. The learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Muhy Eddin Za'ter , Amirhossein Sajadi , Bri-Mathias Hodge

Attacks on computer networks have increased significantly in recent days, due in part to the availability of sophisticated tools for launching such attacks as well as thriving underground cyber-crime economy to support it. Over the past…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Ayesha S. Dina , A. B. Siddique , D. Manivannan

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become increasingly valuable in various civil/military applications like industrial process control, civil engineering applications such as buildings structural strength monitoring, environmental…

In this paper, a novel artificial intelligence-based cyber-attack detection model for smart grids is developed to stop data integrity cyber-attacks (DIAs) on the received load data by supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA). In the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Mojtaba Mohammadi , Arshia Aflaki , Abdollah Kavousifard , Mohsen Gitizadeh

Supervised detection of network attacks has always been a critical part of network intrusion detection systems (NIDS). Nowadays, in a pivotal time for artificial intelligence (AI), with even more sophisticated attacks that utilize advanced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Iakovos-Christos Zarkadis , Christos Douligeris

Modern power grids are undergoing significant changes driven by information and communication technologies (ICTs), and evolving into smart grids with higher efficiency and lower operation cost. Using ICTs, however, comes with an inevitable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Hanyu Zeng , Pengfei Zhou , Xin Lou , Zhen Wei Ng , David K. Y. Yau , Marianne Winslett

Large-scale blackouts that have occurred in the past few decades have necessitated the need to do extensive research in the field of grid security assessment. With the aid of synchrophasor technology, which uses phasor measurement unit…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-11 Anubhav Nath , Reetam Sen Biswas , Anamitra Pal

While the digitization of power distribution grids brings many benefits, it also introduces new vulnerabilities for cyber-attacks. To maintain secure operations in the emerging threat landscape, detecting and implementing countermeasures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Ömer Sen , Dennis van der Velde , Sebastian N. Peters , Martin Henze

Modern cyberattacks in cyber-physical systems (CPS) rapidly evolve and cannot be deterred effectively with most current methods which focused on characterizing past threats. Adaptive anomaly detection (AAD) is among the most promising…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Pablo Moriano , Steven C. Hespeler , Mingyan Li , Maria Mahbub

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate sensing, communication, computation, and control to support critical infrastructure, including smart grids, industrial automation, and control systems. In the electrical utility domain, various…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Abile Jean , Kuniyilh S

Smart grid is an alternative solution of the conventional power grid which harnesses the power of the information technology to save the energy and meet today's environment requirements. Due to the inherent vulnerabilities in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Zakaria El Mrabet , Mehdi Ezzari , Hassan Elghazi , Badr Abou El Majd

Cyber security can be enhanced through application of machine learning by recasting network attack data into an image format, then applying supervised computer vision and other machine learning techniques to detect malicious specimens.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Erik Larsen , Korey MacVittie , John Lilly
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