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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides dynamical access into the complex functioning of the human brain, detailing the hemodynamic activity of thousands of voxels during hundreds of sequential time points. One approach…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2008-01-16 Francois G. Meyer , Greg J. Stephens

Neural encoding and decoding, which aim to characterize the relationship between stimuli and brain activities, have emerged as an important area in cognitive neuroscience. Traditional encoding models, which focus on feature extraction and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-26 Hao Wu , Ziyu Zhu , Jiayi Wang , Nanning Zheng , Badong Chen

Decoding behavior, perception, or cognitive state directly from neural signals has applications in brain-computer interface research as well as implications for systems neuroscience. In the last decade, deep learning has become the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-21 Jesse A. Livezey , Joshua I. Glaser

Decoding human visual neural representations is a challenging task with great scientific significance in revealing vision-processing mechanisms and developing brain-like intelligent machines. Most existing methods are difficult to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Changde Du , Kaicheng Fu , Jinpeng Li , Huiguang He

We propose NEURONA, a neuro-symbolic framework for fMRI decoding and concept grounding in neural activity. Leveraging image- and video-based fMRI question-answering datasets, NEURONA learns to decode interacting concepts from visual stimuli…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-05 Yanchen Wang , Joy Hsu , Ehsan Adeli , Jiajun Wu

Enabling effective brain-computer interfaces requires understanding how the human brain encodes stimuli across modalities such as visual, language (or text), etc. Brain encoding aims at constructing fMRI brain activity given a stimulus.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Subba Reddy Oota , Jashn Arora , Vijay Rowtula , Manish Gupta , Raju S. Bapi

Brain decoding is a key neuroscience field that reconstructs the visual stimuli from brain activity with fMRI, which helps illuminate how the brain represents the world. fMRI-to-image reconstruction has achieved impressive progress by…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-27 Guoying Sun , Weiyu Guo , Tong Shao , Yang Yang , Haijin Zeng , Jie Liu , Jingyong Su

Deciphering visual content from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) helps illuminate the human vision system. However, the scarcity of fMRI data and noise hamper brain decoding model performance. Previous approaches primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Yulong Liu , Yongqiang Ma , Guibo Zhu , Haodong Jing , Nanning Zheng

Due to the low signal-to-noise ratio and limited resolution of functional MRI data, and the high complexity of natural images, reconstructing a visual stimulus from human brain fMRI measurements is a challenging task. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Zijin Gu , Keith Jamison , Amy Kuceyeski , Mert Sabuncu

Deep learning is leading to major advances in the realm of brain decoding from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). However, the large inter-subject variability in brain characteristics has limited most studies to train models on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Alexis Thual , Yohann Benchetrit , Felix Geilert , Jérémy Rapin , Iurii Makarov , Hubert Banville , Jean-Rémi King

Decoding non-invasive brain recordings is pivotal for advancing our understanding of human cognition but faces challenges due to individual differences and complex neural signal representations. Traditional methods often require customized…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Xiang He , Linghao Feng , Yiting Dong , Jihang Wang , Qian Zhang , Yi Zeng

Decoding visual stimuli from neural population activity is crucial for understanding the brain and for applications in brain-machine interfaces. However, such biological data is often scarce, particularly in primates or humans, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jan Sobotka , Luca Baroni , Ján Antolík

Encoding and decoding models are widely used in systems, cognitive, and computational neuroscience to make sense of brain-activity data. However, the interpretation of their results requires care. Decoding models can help reveal whether…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-04-29 Nikolaus Kriegeskorte , Pamela K. Douglas

Despite significant strides in visual quality assessment, the neural mechanisms underlying visual quality perception remain insufficiently explored. This study employed fMRI to examine brain activity during image quality assessment and…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Yiming Zhang , Ying Hu , Xiongkuo Min , Yan Zhou , Guangtao Zhai

Deciphering the human visual experience through brain activities captured by fMRI represents a compelling and cutting-edge challenge in the field of neuroscience research. Compared to merely predicting the viewed image itself, decoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Ziqi Ren , Jie Li , Xuetong Xue , Xin Li , Fan Yang , Zhicheng Jiao , Xinbo Gao

Brain decoding algorithms form an important part of the arsenal of analysis tools available to neuroscientists, allowing for a more detailed study of the kind of information represented in patterns of cortical activity. While most current…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2017-08-17 R. S. van Bergen , J. F. M. Jehee

Understanding how the brain encodes external stimuli and how these stimuli can be decoded from the measured brain activities are long-standing and challenging questions in neuroscience. In this paper, we focus on reconstructing the complex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-05 Sikun Lin , Thomas Sprague , Ambuj K Singh

Decoding brain functional states underlying different cognitive processes using multivariate pattern recognition techniques has attracted increasing interests in brain imaging studies. Promising performance has been achieved using brain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Hongming Li , Yong Fan

The human visual system is capable of processing continuous streams of visual information, but how the brain encodes and retrieves recent visual memories during continuous visual processing remains unexplored. This study investigates the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Runze Xia , Congchi Yin , Piji Li

A fundamental challenge in neuroscience is to decode mental states from brain activity. While functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers a non-invasive approach to capture brain-wide neural dynamics with high spatial precision,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-31 Yueh-Po Peng , Vincent K. M. Cheung , Li Su