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Detection of point sources in images is a fundamental operation in astrophysics, and is crucial for constraining population models of the underlying point sources or characterizing the background emission. Standard techniques fall short in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-28 Tansu Daylan , Stephen K. N. Portillo , Douglas P. Finkbeiner

Galaxies are arranged in interconnected walls and filaments forming a cosmic web encompassing huge, nearly empty, regions between the structures. Many statistical methods have been proposed in the past in order to describe the galaxy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-17 J-L. Starck , V. J. Martinez , D. L. Donoho , O. Levi , P. Querre , E. Saar

Poisson processes and one-dimensional Poisson point processes satisfy three main properties: superposition, thinning, and conditioning. The proof of the first two relies on basic estimates involving the Poisson distribution that are also…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-01 Nicolas Lanchier

Several methods for identifying Be star candidates are reviewed for observational bias with respect to system inclination, that is the angle between the stellar/disk rotation axis and the observer's line of sight, with focus on two…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-30 B. D. Lailey , T. A. A. Sigut

We propose a novel set of Poisson Cluster Process (PCP) models to detect Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies (UDGs), a class of extremely faint, enigmatic galaxies of substantial interest in modern astrophysics. We model the unobserved UDG locations as…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-06 Dayi Li , Alex Stringer , Patrick E. Brown , Gwendolyn M. Eadie , Roberto G. Abraham

A validated simulation model primarily requires performing an appropriate input analysis mainly by determining the behavior of real-world processes using probability distributions. In many practical cases, probability distributions of the…

Applications · Statistics 2014-03-05 Issac Shams , Saeede Ajorlou , Kai Yang

Velocity fields in the cosmic web are fundamental to structure formation but remain difficult to observe directly beyond the linear regime. Here we present observational evidence that galaxy filaments connecting pairs of galaxy clusters…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-27 Ji Yao , Huanyuan Shan , Pengjie Zhang , Xiaohu Yang , Jiale Zhou , Jiaxin Han , Peng Wang

Galaxy redshift surveys, such as 2dF, SDSS, 6df, GAMA and VIPERS, have shown that the spatial distribution of matter forms a rich web, known as the cosmic web. The majority of galaxy survey analyses measure the amplitude of galaxy…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-29 Siyu He , Shadab Alam , Simone Ferraro , Yen-Chi Chen , Shirley Ho

Context. Galaxies in the Universe form chains (filaments) that connect groups and clusters of galaxies. The filamentary network includes nearly half of the galaxies and is visually the most striking feature in cosmological maps. Aims. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-19 E. Tempel , R. Kipper , E. Saar , M. Bussov , A. Hektor , J. Pelt

Understanding the properties of particle aggregation and resulting aggregates under microgravity conditions leads to better insights on the formation of the early Solar System planetesimals. Simulating such conditions is the main objective…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-20 Jeremie Lasue , Anny-Chantal Levasseur-Regourd

The disciplines of asteroseismology and extrasolar planet science overlap methodically in the branch of high-precision photometric time series observations. Light curves are, amongst others, useful to measure intrinsic stellar variability…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-05-20 Sonja Schuh

We have used the Largest Cluster Statistics and the Average Filamentarity to quantify respectively the connectivity and the shapes of the patterns seen in the galaxy distribution in two volume limited subsamples extracted from the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-07 Biswajit Pandey , Somnath Bharadwaj

Filaments are crucial intermediaries in the star formation process. Recent observations of filaments show that - \textbf{(i)} a number of them are non-singular entities, and rather a bundle of velocity coherent fibres, and \textbf{(ii)}…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-01-13 S. Anathpindika , J. Di Francesco

Simulations of the formation of large-scale structure predict that dark matter, low density highly ionized gas, and galaxies form 10 40 Mpc scale filaments. These structure are easily recognized in the distribution of galaxies, but have not…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-15 Bart P. Wakker , Audra K. Hernandez , David French , Tae-Sun Kim , Benjamin D. Oppenheimer , Blair D. Savage

Galaxy filaments are a peculiar environment, and their impact on the galaxy properties is still controversial. Exploiting the data from the GAs Stripping Phenomena in galaxies with MUSE (GASP), we provide the first characterisation of the…

The timing method, using either stellar pulsations or eclipse timing of close binaries as a clock, is proving to be an efficient way to detect planets around stars that have evolved beyond the red giant branch. In this article we present a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 Roberto Silvotti , Robert Szabo , Pieter Degroote , Roy H. Ostensen , Sonja Schuh

In the cosmic web, filaments play a crucial role in connecting walls to clusters and also act as an important stage for galaxy formation and evolution. Recent observational studies claim that filaments have spin. In this study, we examined…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-07 Xiao-Xiao Tang , Peng Wang , Wei Wang , Ming-Jie Sheng , Hao-Ran Yu , Haojie Xu

We present a new method to automatically track filaments over the solar disk. The filaments are first detected on Meudon Spectroheliograph H{\alpha} images of the Sun, applying the technique developed by Fuller, Aboudarham, and Bentley…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-30 Xavier Bonnin , Jean Aboudarham , Nicolas Fuller , Andre Csillaghy , Robert D. Bentley

The association of filaments with protostellar objects has made these structures a priority target in star formation studies. The datasets of the Herschel Galactic Cold Cores Key Programme allow for a statistical study of filaments with a…

Stellar surface processes represent a fundamental limit to the detection of extrasolar planets with the currently most heavily-used techniques. As such, considerable effort has gone into trying to mitigate the impact of these processes on…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-07 Fabienne A. Bastien