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Recent advances in artificial intelligence have been fueled by the development of foundation models such as BERT, GPT, T5, and Vision Transformers. These models are first pretrained on vast and diverse datasets and then adapted to specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Michael Munn , Susan Wei

We study a budgeted hyper-parameter tuning problem, where we optimize the tuning result under a hard resource constraint. We propose to solve it as a sequential decision making problem, such that we can use the partial training progress of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Zhiyun Lu , Chao-Kai Chiang , Fei Sha

Bayesian optimization (BO) has become a popular strategy for global optimization of many expensive real-world functions. Contrary to a common belief that BO is suited to optimizing black-box functions, it actually requires domain knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Zi Wang , George E. Dahl , Kevin Swersky , Chansoo Lee , Zelda Mariet , Zachary Nado , Justin Gilmer , Jasper Snoek , Zoubin Ghahramani

Modeling complex physical systems such as they arise in civil engineering applications requires finding a trade-off between physical fidelity and practicality. Consequently, deviations of simulation from measurements are ubiquitous even…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Paolo Villani , Daniel Andrés Arcones , Jörg F. Unger , Martin Weiser

For most languages of the world, language model pre-training operates in a data-constrained regime where models must repeat their training data many times, degrading generalization. Two remedies exist: aggressive hyperparameter tuning such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Paul Jeha , Anastasiia Sedova , Louis Béthune , Skyler Seto , Jes Frellsen , Pierre Ablin , Natalie Schluter

Model merging aims to integrate multiple expert models into a single model that inherits their complementary strengths without incurring the inference-time cost of ensembling. Recent progress has shown that merging can be highly effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shilian Chen , Jie Zhou , Qin Chen , Wen Wu , Xin Li , Qi Feng , Liang He

Large-scale deep learning models with a pretraining-finetuning paradigm have led to a surge of numerous task-specific models fine-tuned from a common pre-trained model. Recently, several research efforts have been made on merging these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yeoreum Lee , Jinwook Jung , Sungyong Baik

State-of-the-art performance on language understanding tasks is now achieved with increasingly large networks; the current record holder has billions of parameters. Given a language model pre-trained on massive unlabeled text corpora, only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Evani Radiya-Dixit , Xin Wang

Deep learning techniques play an increasingly important role in industrial and research environments due to their outstanding results. However, the large number of hyper-parameters to be set may lead to errors if they are set manually. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Michele Fraccaroli , Evelina Lamma , Fabrizio Riguzzi

Bayesian optimization has emerged as a strong candidate tool for global optimization of functions with expensive evaluation costs. However, due to the dynamic nature of research in Bayesian approaches, and the evolution of computing…

Applications · Statistics 2018-08-24 Ran Rubin

Bayesian optimization has proven to be a highly effective methodology for the global optimization of unknown, expensive and multimodal functions. The ability to accurately model distributions over functions is critical to the effectiveness…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-06-13 Jasper Snoek , Kevin Swersky , Richard S. Zemel , Ryan P. Adams

In robotics, methods and softwares usually require optimizations of hyperparameters in order to be efficient for specific tasks, for instance industrial bin-picking from homogeneous heaps of different objects. We present a developmental…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Maxime Petit , Emmanuel Dellandrea , Liming Chen

Pretrained models are the standard starting point for training. This approach consistently outperforms the use of a random initialization. However, pretraining is a costly endeavour that few can undertake. In this paper, we create better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Leshem Choshen , Elad Venezian , Noam Slonim , Yoav Katz

Optimizing data mixtures for supervised fine-tuning (SFT) of large language models (LLMs) is critical for developing general-purpose models, yet this area remains underexplored. In this paper, we frame data mixing as an optimization problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuan Li , Zhengzhong Liu , Eric Xing

In data-rich domains such as vision, language, and speech, deep learning prevails to deliver high-performance task-specific models and can even learn general task-agnostic representations for efficient finetuning to downstream tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Pin-Yu Chen

Multi-modal models excel in cross-modal tasks but are computationally expensive due to their billions of parameters. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) offers a solution by adding small trainable components while freezing pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Sashuai Zhou , Hai Huang , Yan Xia

The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 and Gemini underscores the intense demand for resources during their training processes, posing significant challenges due to substantial computational and environmental…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Deyuan Liu , Zecheng Wang , Bingning Wang , Weipeng Chen , Chunshan Li , Zhiying Tu , Dianhui Chu , Bo Li , Dianbo Sui

We introduce Bayesian optimization, a technique developed for optimizing time-consuming engineering simulations and for fitting machine learning models on large datasets. Bayesian optimization guides the choice of experiments during…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-22 Peter I. Frazier , Jialei Wang

Fine-tuning pre-trained generative language models to down-stream language generation tasks has shown promising results. However, this comes with the cost of having a single, large model for each task, which is not ideal in low-memory/power…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Zhaojiang Lin , Andrea Madotto , Pascale Fung

Efficient fine-tuning methods are critical to address the high computational and parameter complexity while adapting large pre-trained models to downstream tasks. Our study is inspired by prior research that represents each convolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Wei Chen , Zichen Miao , Qiang Qiu