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Venus is known for its extreme surface temperature and its sulfuric acid clouds. But the cloud layers on Venus have similar temperature and pressure conditions to those on the surface of Earth and are conjectured to be a possible habitat…

The atmosphere of Venus is characterized by strong superrotation, in which the wind velocities at cloud heights are around 60 times faster than the surface rotation rate. The reasons for this strong superrotation are still not well…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-05 Helen F. Parish , Jonathan L. Mitchell

The potential detection of phosphine in the atmosphere of Venus has reignited interest in the possibility of life aloft in this environment. If the cloud decks of Venus are indeed an abode of life, it should reside in the "habitable zone"…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-10 Andreas M. Hein , Manasvi Lingam , T. Marshall Eubanks , Adam Hibberd , Dan Fries , William Paul Blase

For over half a century, scientists have contemplated the potential existence of life within the clouds of Venus. Unknown chemistry leaves open the possibility that certain regions of the Venusian atmosphere are habitable. In situ…

A defining characteristic of the planet Venus is its thick, CO2-dominated atmosphere. Despite over fifty years of robotic exploration, including thirteen successful atmosphere probes and landers, our knowledge of N2, the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-15 Patrick N. Peplowski , David J. Lawrence , Jack T. Wilson

The Venusian atmosphere is in a state of superrotation where prevailing westward winds move much faster than the planet's rotation. Venus is covered with thick clouds that extend from about 45 to 70 km altitude, but thermal radiation…

Volcanism on Venus has never been directly observed, but several measurements indicate present-day activity. Volcanism could potentially play a role in climatic processes on Venus, especially in the sulfur cycle like on Earth. Observation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-20 Maxence Lefèvre , Matteo Cerminara , Antonio Costa

The similarity of Venus and Earth in bulk properties make Venus an appealing target for future colonization. Several proposals have been put forward for colonizing and even terraforming Venus despite the extreme conditions on the planet's…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-15 Alex R. Howe

This is a white paper submitted to the Planetary Science and Astrobiology Decadal Survey. The deep atmosphere of Venus is largely unexplored and yet may harbor clues to the evolutionary pathways for a major silicate planet with implications…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-01 James B. Garvin , Giada N. Arney , Sushil Atreya , Stephanie Getty , Martha Gilmore , David Grinspoon , Natasha Johnson , Stephen Kane , Walter Kiefer , Ralph Lorenz

This paper deals with the problem of constructing a flight scheme to Venus, in which a spacecraft flying to the planet after a gravity assist maneuver and transition to a resonant orbit in order to re-encounter with Venus, makes a passage…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-16 Vladislav Zubko

Venus has regained attention on the international stage with the approval of three new missions by ESA and NASA. As the twin sister of Earth, Venus exhibits a distinct atmosphere, which casts a veil of mystery over the planetary evolution…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-09 Longkang Dai , Dmitrij V. Titov , Wencheng D. Shao , Xi Zhang , Jun Cui , Siteng Fan

The clouds have a great impact on Venus's energy budget and climate evolution, but its three-dimensional structure is still not well understood. Here we incorporate a simple Venus cloud physics scheme into a flexible GCM to investigate the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-24 Wencheng D. Shao , João M. Mendonça , Longkang Dai

This PhD thesis consists on a study of the atmospheric dynamics of the planet Venus with data from two space missions separated in time: the Galileo mission and Venus Express. Concretely, images obtained with different wavelengths have been…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-15 Javier Peralta

Venus shares many similarities with the Earth, but concomitantly, some of its features are extremely original. This is especially true for its atmosphere, where high pressures and temperatures are found at the ground level. In these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-22 Daniel Cordier , David A. Bonhommeau , Sara Port , Vincent Chevrier , Sebastien Lebonnois , Fernando Garcia-Sanchez

The mesosphere of Venus is a critical range of altitudes in which complex temperature variability has been extensively studied by the space mission Venus Express (Vex) during its eight-years mission (2006-2014). Data collected at different…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-09 C. Pere , P. Tanga , Th. Widemann , Ph. Bendjoya , A. Mahieux , V. Wilquet , A. C. Vandaele

Measurements in the atmosphere and at the surface of Venus are required to understand fundamental processes of how terrestrial planets evolve and how they work today. While the European Venus community is unified in its support of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-11 Colin Frank Wilson , Carl-Mikael Zetterling , William Thomas Pike

Aerocapture uses atmospheric drag to decelerate spacecraft and achieve orbit insertion. One of the significant risks associated with aerocapture is the uncertainty in the atmospheric density, particularly for outer planets. The paper…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-17 Athul Pradeepkumar Girija

Mounting evidence of chemical disequilibria in the Venusian atmosphere has heightened interest in the search for life within the planet's cloud decks. Balloon systems are currently considered to be the superior class of aerial platform for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-12 Weston P. Buchanan , Maxim de Jong , Rachana Agrawal , Janusz J. Petkowski , Archit Arora , Sarag J. Saikia , Sara Seager , James M. Longuski

The atmospheric circulation in Venus is well known to exhibit strong super-rotation. However, the atmospheric mechanisms responsible for the formation of this super-rotation are still not fully understood. In this work, we developed a new…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-07 João M. Mendonça , Peter L. Read
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