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Imaging with hard x-rays is an invaluable tool in medicine, biology, materials science, and cultural heritage. Propagation-based x-ray phase-contrast imaging and tomography have been mostly used to resolve micrometer-scale structures inside…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Margie P. Olbinado , David M. Paganin , Yin Cheng , Alexander Rack

Ghost imaging (GI) is an intriguing imaging technology which achieves the object images through intensity correlation between reference patterns and bucket signal. Here, we propose a probability model to explain the imaging mechanism of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-04 Wen-Kai Yu , Jian Leng

Ghost imaging (GI) and single-pixel imaging (SPI) techniques enable image reconstruction without spatially resolved detectors, offering unique access to wide spectral ranges and challenging imaging environments. Yet, their adoption has been…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-23 Shin Motooka , Noriki Komori , Tomoaki Niiyama , Satoshi Sunada

We present Deep Illumination, a novel machine learning technique for approximating global illumination (GI) in real-time applications using a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network. Our primary focus is on generating indirect…

Graphics · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Manu Mathew Thomas , Angus G. Forbes

X-ray based imaging modalities are widely used in research, industry, and in the medical field. Consequently, there is a strong motivation to improve their performances with respect to resolution, dose, and contrast. Ghost imaging (GI) is…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-06-30 R. H. Shukrun , Y. Klein. , O. Sefi. , Y. Fried. , L. Epstein. , S. Shwartz

Ghost imaging incorporating deep learning technology has recently attracted much attention in the optical imaging field. However, deterministic illumination and multiple exposure are still essential in most scenarios. Here we propose a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-24 Ruiguo Zhu , Hong Yu , Zhijie Tan , Ronghua Lu , Shensheng Han , Zengfeng Huang , Jian Wang

Computational ghost imaging (CGI) has recently been intensively studied as an indirect imaging technique. However, the speed of CGI cannot meet the requirements of practical applications. Here, we propose a novel CGI scheme for high-speed…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-15 Hao Zhang , Deyang Duan

The ghost imaging (GI) technique, which has attracted attention as a highly sensitive and noise-resistant technique, employs a spatially modulated illuminating light and a single-pixel detector. Generally, the information acquired by GI is…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-23 Shuhei Yoshida

Radiation damage is one of the most severe resolution limiting factors in x-ray imaging, especially relevant to biological samples. One way of circumventing this problem is to exploit correlation-based methods developed in quantum imaging.…

Ghost imaging can capture 2D images with a point detector instead of an array sensor. It therefore offers a solution to the challenge of building area format sensors in wavebands where such sensors are difficult and expensive to produce and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-09 Baolei Liu , Fan Wang , Chaohao Chen , Fei Dong , David McGloin

Ghost imaging (GI) is a novel imaging method, which can reconstruct the object information by the light intensity correlation measurements. However, at present, the field of view (FOV) is limited to the illuminating range of the light…

Optics · Physics 2021-11-24 Huan Cui , Jie Cao , Qun Hao , Dong Zhou , Mingyuan Tang , Kaiyu Zhang , Yingqiang Zhang

X-ray "ghost" imaging has drawn great attention for its potential to lower radiation dose in medical diagnosis. For practical implementation, however, the efficiency and image quality have to be greatly improved. Here we demonstrate a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-28 Yu-Hang He , Ai-Xin Zhang , Ming-Fei Li , Yi-Yi Huang , Bao-Gang Quan , Da-Zhang Li , Ling-An Wu , Li-Ming Chen

Background: X-ray dark-field radiography uses small-angle scattering to visualize the structural integrity of lung alveoli. To study the influence of dose reduction on clinical dark-field radiographs, one can simulate low-dose images by…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Henriette Bast , Rafael C. Schick , Thomas Koehler , Franz Pfeiffer

Objective: There exist several X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning strategies to reduce a radiation dose, such as (1) sparse-view CT, (2) low-dose CT, and (3) region-of-interest (ROI) CT (called interior tomography). To further reduce…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-10 Yoseob Han , Dufan Wu , Kyungsang Kim , Quanzheng Li

Synchrotron-based X-ray computed tomography is widely used for investigating inner structures of specimens at high spatial resolutions. However, potential beam damage to samples often limits the X-ray exposure during tomography experiments.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-30 Ziling Wu , Tekin Bicer , Zhengchun Liu , Vincent De Andrade , Yunhui Zhu , Ian T. Foster

Recently, deep learning (DL)-based methods have been proposed for the computational reduction of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) to mitigate adverse side effects while preserving diagnostic value. Currently, the two main challenges…

We present a ghost handwritten digit recognition method for the unknown handwritten digits based on ghost imaging (GI) with deep neural network, where a few detection signals from the bucket detector, generated by the Cosine Transform…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-21 Xing He , Shengmei Zhao , Le Wang

The use of x-ray imaging in medicine and other research is well known. Generally, the image quality is proportional to the total flux, but high photon energy could severely damage the specimen, so how to decrease the radiation dose while…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-09-05 Ai-Xin Zhang , Yu-Hang He , Ling-An Wu , Li-Ming Chen , Bing-Bing Wang

This work proposes a green learning (GL) approach to restore medical images. Without loss of generality, we use low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) images as examples. LDCT images are susceptible to noise and artifacts, where the imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Wei Wang , Yixing Wu , C. -C. Jay Kuo

Medical imaging is nowadays a pillar in diagnostics and therapeutic follow-up. Current research tries to integrate established - but ionizing - tomographic techniques with technologies offering reduced radiation exposure. Diffuse Optical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-15 Alessandro Benfenati , Paola Causin , Martina Quinteri