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Many surface cues support three-dimensional shape perception, but people can sometimes still see shape when these features are missing -- in extreme cases, even when an object is completely occluded, as when covered with a draped cloth. We…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-11 Ilker Yildirim , Max H. Siegel , Amir A. Soltani , Shraman Ray Chaudhari , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

Occlusion perception, a critical foundation for human-level spatial understanding, embodies the challenge of integrating visual recognition and reasoning. Though multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Zhaochen Liu , Kaiwen Gao , Shuyi Liang , Bin Xiao , Limeng Qiao , Lin Ma , Tingting Jiang

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable performance in various vision-language tasks. However, it is still unclear how accurately LVLMs can perceive visual information in images. In particular, the capability of LVLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ryo Kamoi , Yusen Zhang , Sarkar Snigdha Sarathi Das , Ranran Haoran Zhang , Rui Zhang

The rapid development of Multi-modality Large Language Models (MLLMs) has significantly influenced various aspects of industry and daily life, showcasing impressive capabilities in visual perception and understanding. However, these models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yinan Sun , Zicheng Zhang , Haoning Wu , Xiaohong Liu , Weisi Lin , Guangtao Zhai , Xiongkuo Min

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) excel in various vision-language tasks. Yet, their robustness to visual variations in position, scale, orientation, and context that objects in natural scenes inevitably exhibit due to changes in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zhiyuan Fan , Yumeng Wang , Sandeep Polisetty , Yi R. Fung

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) building upon the foundation of powerful large language models have made rapid progress in reasoning across visual and textual data. While VLMs perform well on vision tasks that they are trained on, our results…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Zixuan Wu , Yoolim Kim , Carolyn Jane Anderson

The fusion of language and vision in large vision-language models (LVLMs) has revolutionized deep learning-based object detection by enhancing adaptability, contextual reasoning, and generalization beyond traditional architectures. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ranjan Sapkota , Manoj Karkee

In recent years, vision language models (VLMs) have made significant advancements in video understanding. However, a crucial capability - fine-grained motion comprehension - remains under-explored in current benchmarks. To address this gap,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Wenyi Hong , Yean Cheng , Zhuoyi Yang , Weihan Wang , Lefan Wang , Xiaotao Gu , Shiyu Huang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Large-scale vision-language pre-trained (VLP) models are prone to hallucinate non-existent visual objects when generating text based on visual information. In this paper, we systematically study the object hallucination problem from three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Wenliang Dai , Zihan Liu , Ziwei Ji , Dan Su , Pascale Fung

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in multimodal tasks. Despite their impressive performance, MLLMs suffer from the modality imbalance issue, where visual information is often underutilized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Hengzhuang Li , Xinsong Zhang , Qiming Peng , Bin Luo , Han Hu , Dengyang Jiang , Han-Jia Ye , Teng Zhang , Hai Jin

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) has long been constrained by the limited diversity and scalability of simulator-curated datasets, which fail to capture the complexity of real-world environments. To overcome this limitation, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Mingfei Han , Haihong Hao , Liang Ma , Kamila Zhumakhanova , Ekaterina Radionova , Jingyi Zhang , Xiaojun Chang , Xiaodan Liang , Ivan Laptev

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding and generating content across various modalities, such as images and text. However, their interpretability remains a challenge, hindering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Loris Giulivi , Giacomo Boracchi

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been serving as general-purpose interfaces, posing a significant demand for comprehensive visual knowledge. However, it remains unclear how well current LLMs and their visually augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Heming Xia , Qingxiu Dong , Lei Li , Jingjing Xu , Tianyu Liu , Ziwei Qin , Zhifang Sui

Vision-language models (VLMs) excel at descriptive tasks, but whether they truly understand scenes from visual observations remains uncertain. We introduce IR3D-Bench, a benchmark challenging VLMs to demonstrate understanding through active…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Parker Liu , Chenxin Li , Zhengxin Li , Yipeng Wu , Wuyang Li , Zhiqin Yang , Zhenyuan Zhang , Yunlong Lin , Sirui Han , Brandon Y. Feng

Following the recent popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs), several attempts have been made to extend them to the visual domain. From having a visual assistant that could guide us through unfamiliar environments to generative models…

Unlike traditional vision-only models, vision language models (VLMs) offer an intuitive way to access visual content through language prompting by combining a large language model (LLM) with a vision encoder. However, both the LLM and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Paul Gavrikov , Jovita Lukasik , Steffen Jung , Robert Geirhos , M. Jehanzeb Mirza , Margret Keuper , Janis Keuper

Reading measurement instruments is effortless for humans and requires relatively little domain expertise, yet it remains surprisingly challenging for current vision-language models (VLMs) as we find in preliminary evaluation. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Fenfen Lin , Yesheng Liu , Haiyu Xu , Chen Yue , Zheqi He , Mingxuan Zhao , Miguel Hu Chen , Jiakang Liu , JG Yao , Xi Yang

Recent generalist vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities across diverse multimodal tasks. However, these models still struggle with fine-grained object-level understanding and grounding. In terms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Timothy Ossowski , Junjie Hu

Vision--language models reliably name objects in a scene, but do they represent the 3D layout those objects inhabit? We introduce a 3,034-sample human-curated benchmark targeting three components of spatial understanding: depth-ordered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Animesh Maheshwari , Divyansh Sahu , Nishit Verma

Recent Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive multimodal comprehension and reasoning capabilities, yet they often struggle with trivially simple visual tasks. In this work, we focus on the domain of basic 2D Euclidean…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hyunsik Chae , Seungwoo Yoon , Jaden Park , Chloe Yewon Chun , Yongin Cho , Mu Cai , Yong Jae Lee , Ernest K. Ryu