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In this paper, we address post-training quantization (PTQ) for large language models (LLMs) from an overlooked perspective: given a pre-trained high-precision LLM, the predominant sequential quantization framework treats different layers…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Shigeng Wang , Chao Li , Yangyuxuan Kang , Jiawei Fan , Zhonghong Ou , Anbang Yao

In this paper, we propose a post-training quantization framework of large vision-language models (LVLMs) for efficient multi-modal inference. Conventional quantization methods sequentially search the layer-wise rounding functions by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Changyuan Wang , Ziwei Wang , Xiuwei Xu , Yansong Tang , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a critical technique for efficient deployment of large language models (LLMs). This work proposes NestQuant, a novel PTQ scheme for weights and activations that is based on self-similar nested…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Semyon Savkin , Eitan Porat , Or Ordentlich , Yury Polyanskiy

Quantization-aware training (QAT) is a leading technique for improving the accuracy of quantized neural networks. Previous work has shown that decomposing training into a full-precision (FP) phase followed by a QAT phase yields superior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Aleksandr Dremov , David Grangier , Angelos Katharopoulos , Awni Hannun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various natural language processing tasks. However, their size presents significant challenges for deployment and inference. This paper investigates the quantization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Lucas Maisonnave , Cyril Moineau , Olivier Bichler , Fabrice Rastello

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown surprising performance in task-specific workloads as well as general tasks with the given prompts. However, to achieve unprecedented performance, recent LLMs use billions to trillions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Geonhwa Jeong , Po-An Tsai , Stephen W. Keckler , Tushar Krishna

Large language models (LLMs) show impressive performance in solving complex language tasks. However, its large number of parameters presents significant challenges for the deployment. So, compressing LLMs to low bits can enable to deploy on…

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) under resource constraints is a significant challenge in deep learning. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), pruning, and quantization are all effective methods for improving resource efficiency. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Changhai Zhou , Shiyang Zhang , Yuhua Zhou , Zekai Liu , Shichao Weng

Looped language models (LoopLMs) improve parameter efficiency by recursively reusing Transformer blocks, enabling deeper computation under a fixed model size. However, this reuse makes LoopLMs more fragile under post-training quantization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Rui Fang , Hsi-Wen Chen , Ming-Syan Chen

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the resource demands of these models pose substantial challenges. Structured pruning is an effective approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Changhai Zhou , Yuhua Zhou , Shijie Han , Qian Qiao , Hongguang Li

Language Models (LLMs) are often quantized to lower precision to reduce the memory cost and latency in inference. However, quantization often degrades model performance, thus fine-tuning is required for various down-stream tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jiajun Zhou , Yifan Yang , Kai Zhen , Ziyue Liu , Yequan Zhao , Ershad Banijamali , Athanasios Mouchtaris , Ngai Wong , Zheng Zhang

Quantization is a promising approach for reducing memory overhead and accelerating inference, especially in large pre-trained language model (PLM) scenarios. While having no access to original training data due to security and privacy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Miaoxi Zhu , Qihuang Zhong , Li Shen , Liang Ding , Juhua Liu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

We demonstrate, for the first time, fully quantized training (FQT) of large language models (LLMs) using predominantly 4-bit floating-point (FP4) precision for weights, activations, and gradients on datasets up to 200 billion tokens. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Brian Chmiel , Maxim Fishman , Ron Banner , Daniel Soudry

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices presents significant challenges due to computational constraints, memory limitations, inference speed, and energy consumption. Model quantization has emerged as a key technique to…

Model quantization reduces neural network parameter precision to achieve compression, but often compromises accuracy. Existing post-training quantization (PTQ) methods employ iterative parameter updates to preserve accuracy under high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Zekang Zheng , Haokun Li , Yaofo Chen , Mingkui Tan , Qing Du

Large language models have transformed the comprehension and generation of natural language tasks, but they come with substantial memory and computational requirements. Quantization techniques have emerged as a promising avenue for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Amitash Nanda , Sree Bhargavi Balija , Debashis Sahoo

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a neural network compression technique that converts a full-precision model into a quantized model using lower-precision data types. Although it can help reduce the size and computational cost of deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Jiawei Liu , Lin Niu , Zhihang Yuan , Dawei Yang , Xinggang Wang , Wenyu Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly advanced the natural language processing paradigm. However, the high computational load and huge model sizes pose a grand challenge for deployment on edge devices. To this end, we propose APTQ…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Ziyi Guan , Hantao Huang , Yupeng Su , Hong Huang , Ngai Wong , Hao Yu

Quantization has been widely used to compress and accelerate inference of large language models (LLMs). Existing methods focus on exploring the per-token dynamic calibration to ensure both inference acceleration and model accuracy under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Jinguang Wang , Jingyu Wang , Haifeng Sun , Tingting Yang , Zirui Zhuang , Wanyi Ning , Yuexi Yin , Qi Qi , Jianxin Liao

Large language models with billions of parameters are often over-provisioned: many layers contribute little unique information yet dominate the memory and energy footprint during inference. We present LieQ Layer-wise information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 He Xiao , Qingyao Yang , Dirui Xie , Wendong Xu , Zunhai Su , Runming yang , Wenyong Zhou , Haobo Liu , Zhengwu Liu , Ngai Wong
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