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The typical model for measurement noise in quantum error correction is to randomly flip the binary measurement outcome. In experiments, measurements yield much richer information - e.g., continuous current values, discrete photon counts -…

Quantum error-correction is a prerequisite for reliable quantum computation. Towards this goal, we present a recurrent, transformer-based neural network which learns to decode the surface code, the leading quantum error-correction code. Our…

Although entanglement can boost metrological precision beyond the standard quantum limit, the advantage often disappears with particle loss. We demonstrate that scrambling safeguards precision by dispersing information about the encoded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Piotr Wysocki , Jan Chwedeńczuk , Marcin Płodzień

Monitored quantum dynamics reveal quantum state trajectories which exhibit a rich phenomenology of entanglement structures, including a transition from a weakly-monitored volume law entangled phase to a strongly-monitored area law phase.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-03-28 Yaodong Li , Sagar Vijay , Matthew P. A. Fisher

The development of practical, high-performance decoding algorithms reduces the resource cost of fault-tolerant quantum computing. Here we propose a decoder for the surface code that finds low-weight correction operators for errors produced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-19 Asmae Benhemou , Kaavya Sahay , Lingling Lao , Benjamin J. Brown

Understanding how errors deteriorate the information encoded in a many-body quantum system is a fundamental problem with practical implications for quantum technologies. Here, we investigate a class of encoding-decoding random circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Xhek Turkeshi , Piotr Sierant

We map the decoding problem of the surface code under depolarizing and syndrome noise to a disordered spin model, which we call the random coupled-plaquette gauge model (RCPGM). By coupling X- and Z-syndrome volumes, this model allows us to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-19 Manuel Rispler , Davide Vodola , Markus Müller , Seyong Kim

Quantum error correction requires accurate and efficient decoding to optimally suppress errors in the encoded information. For concatenated codes, where one code is embedded within another, optimal decoding can be achieved using a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Basudha Srivastava , Yinzi Xiao , Anton Frisk Kockum , Ben Criger , Mats Granath

Quantum technologies have the potential to solve certain computationally hard problems with polynomial or super-polynomial speedups when compared to classical methods. Unfortunately, the unstable nature of quantum information makes it prone…

Measurements can detect errors in a decohered quantum memory allowing active error correction to increase the memory time. Previous understanding of this mechanism has focused on evaluating the performance of error correction algorithms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-11 Jacob Hauser , Yimu Bao , Shengqi Sang , Ali Lavasani , Utkarsh Agrawal , Matthew P. A. Fisher

Designing quantum error correcting codes that promise a high error threshold, low resource overhead and efficient decoding algorithms is crucial to achieve large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation. The concatenated quantum Hamming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Menglong Fang , Daiqin Su

Motion blur is a known issue in photography, as it limits the exposure time while capturing moving objects. Extensive research has been carried to compensate for it. In this work, a computational imaging approach for motion deblurring is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-19 Shay Elmalem , Raja Giryes , Emanuel Marom

In this work, a likelihood encoder is studied in the context of lossy source compression. The analysis of the likelihood encoder is based on a soft-covering lemma. It is demonstrated that the use of a likelihood encoder together with the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-24 Eva C. Song , Paul Cuff , H. Vincent Poor

We present a new decoder for the surface code, which combines the accuracy of the tensor-network decoders with the efficiency and parallelism of the belief-propagation algorithm. Our main idea is to replace the expensive tensor-network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-17 Aviad Kaufmann , Itai Arad

The interplay between delocalisation and repulsive interactions can cause electronic systems to undergo a Mott transition between a metal and an insulator. Here we use neural network hidden fermion determinantal states (HFDS) to uncover…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-12-10 Chloé Gauvin-Ndiaye , Joseph Tindall , Javier Robledo Moreno , Antoine Georges

Ternary channels can be used to model the behavior of some memory devices, where information is stored in three different levels. In this paper, error correcting coding for a ternary channel where some of the error transitions are not…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-05-31 Nicolas Bitouze , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Eirik Rosnes

Statistical mechanics mappings provide key insights on quantum error correction. However, existing mappings assume incoherent noise, thus ignoring coherent errors due to, e.g., spurious gate rotations. We map the surface code with coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-09 Florian Venn , Jan Behrends , Benjamin Béri

The surface code, with a simple modification, exhibits ultra-high error correction thresholds when the noise is biased towards dephasing. Here, we identify features of the surface code responsible for these ultra-high thresholds. We provide…

The surface code is one of the most popular quantum error correction codes. It comes with efficient decoders, such as the Minimum Weight Perfect Matching (MWPM) decoder and the Union-Find (UF) decoder, allowing for fast quantum error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-28 Nicolas Delfosse , Adam Paetznick , Jeongwan Haah , Matthew B. Hastings

In this work we explore possibilities for coding and decoding tailor-made for mean squared error evaluation of error in contexts such as image transmission. To do so, we introduce a loss function that expresses the overall performance of a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-06 Marcelo Firer , Luciano Panek , Jerry Anderson Pinheiro