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In the era of pre-trained models, effective classification can often be achieved using simple linear probing or lightweight readout layers. In contrast, many competitive clustering pipelines have a multi-modal design, leveraging large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yicen Li , Haitz Sáez de Ocáriz Borde , Anastasis Kratsios , Paul D. McNicholas

Representing token embeddings as probability distributions over learned manifolds allows for more flexible contextual inference, reducing representational rigidity while enhancing semantic granularity. Comparative evaluations demonstrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Christopher Nightingale , Dominic Lavington , Jonathan Thistlethwaite , Sebastian Penhaligon , Thomas Belinski , David Boldo

The {\em compressed stack} is a data structure designed by Barba {\em et al.} (Algorithmica 2015) that allows to reduce the amount of memory needed by an algorithm (at the cost of increasing its runtime). In this paper we introduce the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-16 Jean-François Baffier , Yago Diez , Matias Korman

One of the prime problems of computer science and machine learning is to extract information efficiently from large-scale, heterogeneous data. Text data, with its syntax, semantics, and even hidden information content, possesses an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Sarmad N. Mohammed , Semra Gündüç

Text embeddings are vital for tasks such as text retrieval and semantic textual similarity (STS). Recently, the advent of pretrained language models, along with unified benchmarks like the Massive Text Embedding Benchmark (MTEB), has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Mingxin Li , Zhijie Nie , Yanzhao Zhang , Dingkun Long , Richong Zhang , Pengjun Xie

This work introduces a benchmark assessing the performance of clustering German text embeddings in different domains. This benchmark is driven by the increasing use of clustering neural text embeddings in tasks that require the grouping of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Silvan Wehrli , Bert Arnrich , Christopher Irrgang

Over the past few years, several new methods for scene text recognition have been proposed. Most of these methods propose novel building blocks for neural networks. These novel building blocks are specially tailored for the task of scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Christian Bartz , Joseph Bethge , Haojin Yang , Christoph Meinel

Word embedding models offer continuous vector representations that can capture rich contextual semantics based on their word co-occurrence patterns. While these word vectors can provide very effective features used in many NLP tasks such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-27 Cem Safak Sahin , Rajmonda S. Caceres , Brandon Oselio , William M. Campbell

Embeddings are now used to underpin a wide variety of data management tasks, including entity resolution, dataset search and semantic type detection. Such applications often involve datasets with numerical columns, but there has been more…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Hafiz Tayyab Rauf , Alex Bogatu , Norman W. Paton , Andre Freitas

Transformer architectures based on the attention mechanism have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP), driving major breakthroughs across virtually every NLP task. However, their substantial memory and computational requirements…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Riccardo Bravin , Massimo Pavan , Hazem Hesham Yousef Shalby , Fabrizio Pittorino , Manuel Roveri

Metric learning is a fundamental problem in computer vision whereby a model is trained to learn a semantically useful embedding space via ranking losses. Traditionally, the effectiveness of a ranking loss depends on the minibatch size, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Thalaiyasingam Ajanthan , Matt Ma , Anton van den Hengel , Stephen Gould

We report a GPT-based multi-sentence language model for dialogue generation and document understanding. First, we propose a hierarchical GPT which consists of three blocks, i.e., a sentence encoding block, a sentence generating block, and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Jihyeon Roh , Huiseong Gim , Soo-Young Lee

Large neural models (such as Transformers) achieve state-of-the-art performance for information retrieval (IR). In this paper, we aim to improve distillation methods that pave the way for the resource-efficient deployment of such models in…

We propose a variational framework that interprets transformer layers as iterations of an optimization algorithm acting on token embeddings. In this view, self-attention implements a gradient step of an interaction energy, while MLP layers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Aleksandr Zimin , Yury Polyanskiy , Philippe Rigollet

In recent years, knowledge graph embedding becomes a pretty hot research topic of artificial intelligence and plays increasingly vital roles in various downstream applications, such as recommendation and question answering. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Wentao Xu , Shun Zheng , Liang He , Bin Shao , Jian Yin , Tie-Yan Liu

This paper attempts a more formal approach to the legibility of text based programming languages, presenting, with proof, minimum possible ways of representing structure in text interleaved with information. This presumes that a minimalist…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Brenton Chapin

Large language models (LLMs) excel at complex reasoning, yet their efficiency is limited by the surging cognitive overhead of long thought traces. In this paper, we propose LightThinker, a method that enables LLMs to dynamically compress…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuqi Zhu , Jintian Zhang , Zhenjie Wan , Yujie Luo , Shuofei Qiao , Zhengke Gui , Da Zheng , Lei Liang , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Constituting highly informative network embeddings is an important tool for network analysis. It encodes network topology, along with other useful side information, into low-dimensional node-based feature representations that can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Liqun Chen , Guoyin Wang , Chenyang Tao , Dinghan Shen , Pengyu Cheng , Xinyuan Zhang , Wenlin Wang , Yizhe Zhang , Lawrence Carin

This paper discusses about a sorting algorithm which uses the concept of buckets where each bucket represents a certain number of digits. A two dimensional data structure is used where one dimension represents buckets i. e; number of digits…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-06-10 Ankit Chadha , Rishikesh Misal , Tanaya Mokashi , Aman Chadha

This study introduces and evaluates tiny, mini, small, and medium-sized uncased Turkish BERT models, aiming to bridge the research gap in less-resourced languages. We trained these models on a diverse dataset encompassing over 75GB of text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Himmet Toprak Kesgin , Muzaffer Kaan Yuce , Mehmet Fatih Amasyali