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Estimating and understanding the surroundings of the vehicle precisely forms the basic and crucial step for the autonomous vehicle. The perception system plays a significant role in providing an accurate interpretation of a vehicle's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Sreenivasa Hikkal Venugopala

We present a simple yet effective fully convolutional one-stage 3D object detector for LiDAR point clouds of autonomous driving scenes, termed FCOS-LiDAR. Unlike the dominant methods that use the bird-eye view (BEV), our proposed detector…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Zhi Tian , Xiangxiang Chu , Xiaoming Wang , Xiaolin Wei , Chunhua Shen

Accurately localizing 3D objects like pedestrians, cyclists, and other vehicles is essential in Autonomous Driving. To ensure high detection performance, Autonomous Vehicles complement RGB cameras with LiDAR sensors, but effectively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Carlo Sgaravatti , Riccardo Pieroni , Matteo Corno , Sergio M. Savaresi , Luca Magri , Giacomo Boracchi

Low-cost, vision-centric 3D perception systems for autonomous driving have made significant progress in recent years, narrowing the gap to expensive LiDAR-based methods. The primary challenge in becoming a fully reliable alternative lies in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Philipp Wolters , Johannes Gilg , Torben Teepe , Fabian Herzog , Anouar Laouichi , Martin Hofmann , Gerhard Rigoll

Reliable dynamic object detection in cluttered environments remains a critical challenge for autonomous navigation. Purely geometric LiDAR pipelines that rely on clustering and heuristic filtering can miss dynamic obstacles when they move…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Juan Rached , Yixuan Jia , Kota Kondo , Jonathan P. How

Autonomous vehicle perception systems have traditionally relied on costly LiDAR sensors to generate precise environmental representations. In this paper, we propose a camera-only perception framework that produces Bird's Eye View (BEV) maps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Anupkumar Bochare

3D object detection in driving scenarios faces the challenge of complex road environments, which can lead to the loss or incompleteness of key features, thereby affecting perception performance. To address this issue, we propose an advanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Wenxuan Li , Qin Zou , Chi Chen , Bo Du , Long Chen , Jian Zhou , Hongkai Yu

There are two critical sensors for 3D perception in autonomous driving, the camera and the LiDAR. The camera provides rich semantic information such as color, texture, and the LiDAR reflects the 3D shape and locations of surrounding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Kaicheng Yu , Tang Tao , Hongwei Xie , Zhiwei Lin , Zhongwei Wu , Zhongyu Xia , Tingting Liang , Haiyang Sun , Jiong Deng , Dayang Hao , Yongtao Wang , Xiaodan Liang , Bing Wang

Visual bird's eye view (BEV) perception, due to its excellent perceptual capabilities, is progressively replacing costly LiDAR-based perception systems, especially in the realm of urban intelligent driving. However, this type of perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Lei He , Qiaoyi Wang , Honglin Sun , Qing Xu , Bolin Gao , Shengbo Eben Li , Jianqiang Wang , Keqiang Li

Accurate and robust 3D object detection is a critical component in autonomous vehicles and robotics. While recent radar-camera fusion methods have made significant progress by fusing information in the bird's-eye view (BEV) representation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Jisong Kim , Minjae Seong , Jun Won Choi

When localizing and detecting 3D objects for autonomous driving scenes, obtaining information from multiple sensor (e.g. camera, LIDAR) typically increases the robustness of 3D detectors. However, the efficient and effective fusion of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Can Chen , Luca Zanotti Fragonara , Antonios Tsourdos

Bird-eye-view (BEV) based methods have made great progress recently in multi-view 3D detection task. Comparing with BEV based methods, sparse based methods lag behind in performance, but still have lots of non-negligible merits. To push…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Xuewu Lin , Tianwei Lin , Zixiang Pei , Lichao Huang , Zhizhong Su

Multi-sensor object detection is an active research topic in automated driving, but the robustness of such detection models against missing sensor input (modality missing), e.g., due to a sudden sensor failure, is a critical problem which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Shiming Wang , Holger Caesar , Liangliang Nan , Julian F. P. Kooij

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) use multiple sensors to gather information about their surroundings. By sharing sensor data between Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs), the safety and reliability of these vehicles can be improved through a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Donghao Qiao , Farhana Zulkernine

Aiming at highly accurate object detection for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), this paper presents a Deep Neural Network based 3D object detection model that leverages a three-stage feature extractor by developing a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Yiming Hou , Mahdi Rezaei , Richard Romano

LiDAR and Radar are two complementary sensing approaches in that LiDAR specializes in capturing an object's 3D shape while Radar provides longer detection ranges as well as velocity hints. Though seemingly natural, how to efficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Yingjie Wang , Jiajun Deng , Yao Li , Jinshui Hu , Cong Liu , Yu Zhang , Jianmin Ji , Wanli Ouyang , Yanyong Zhang

LiDAR and camera are two important sensors for 3D object detection in autonomous driving. Despite the increasing popularity of sensor fusion in this field, the robustness against inferior image conditions, e.g., bad illumination and sensor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Xuyang Bai , Zeyu Hu , Xinge Zhu , Qingqiu Huang , Yilun Chen , Hongbo Fu , Chiew-Lan Tai

Safe autonomous agents and mobile robots need fast real time 3D perception, especially for vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as pedestrians. We introduce a new bird's eye view (BEV) encoding, which maps the full 3D LiDAR point cloud into a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Mohammad Khoshkdahan , Alexey Vinel

Recent advances in 4D imaging radar have enabled robust perception in adverse weather, while camera sensors provide dense semantic information. Fusing the these complementary modalities has great potential for cost-effective 3D perception.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Xiaozhi Li , Huijun Di , Jian Li , Feng Liu , Wei Liang

3D object detection based on LiDAR point clouds is a crucial module in autonomous driving particularly for long range sensing. Most of the research is focused on achieving higher accuracy and these models are not optimized for deployment on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Sambit Mohapatra , Senthil Yogamani , Heinrich Gotzig , Stefan Milz , Patrick Mader