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Protein representation learning is critical for numerous biological tasks. Recently, large transformer-based protein language models (pLMs) pretrained on large scale protein sequences have demonstrated significant success in sequence-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xuefeng Liu , Songhao Jiang , Chih-chan Tien , Jinbo Xu , Rick Stevens

Generative artificial intelligence offers a new paradigm to design matter in high-dimensional spaces. However, its underlying mechanisms remain difficult to interpret and limit adoption in computational mechanics. This gap is striking…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Vahidullah Tac , Ellen Kuhl

Protein structure generative models excel at predicting single protein static structures from sequence, but routinely fail to capture the correct conformational state of protein complexes, critical for protein design and induced proximity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Alon Shtrikman , Nitzan Simchi , Michal Ran Shchory , Sagie Brodsky , Eran Seger , Kirill Pevzner

The remarkable structural diversity of modern proteins reflects millions of years of evolution, during which sequence space has expanded while many structural features remain conserved. This conservation is evident not only among homologous…

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) leverages the three-dimensional geometry of proteins to identify potential drug candidates. Traditional approaches, rooted in physicochemical modeling and domain expertise, are often resource-intensive.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-19 Zaixi Zhang , Jiaxian Yan , Yining Huang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen , Mengdi Wang , Marinka Zitnik

Therapeutic peptides have proven to have great pharmaceutical value and potential in recent decades. However, methods of AI-assisted peptide drug discovery are not fully explored. To fill the gap, we propose a target-aware peptide design…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-10 Haitao Lin , Odin Zhang , Huifeng Zhao , Dejun Jiang , Lirong Wu , Zicheng Liu , Yufei Huang , Stan Z. Li

Geometric Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Transformers have become state-of-the-art for learning from 3D protein structures. However, their reliance on message passing prevents them from capturing the hierarchical interactions that govern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Chang Liu , Vivian Li , Linus Leong , Vladimir Radenkovic , Pietro Liò , Chaitanya K. Joshi

There has been a recent surge in the field of Explainable AI (XAI) which tackles the problem of providing insights into the behavior of black-box machine learning models. Within this field, \textit{feature attribution} encompasses methods…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Ashwin Bhat , Adou Sangbone Assoa , Arijit Raychowdhury

Point cloud shape completion is a challenging problem in 3D vision and robotics. Existing learning-based frameworks leverage encoder-decoder architectures to recover the complete shape from a highly encoded global feature vector. Though the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Wenxiao Zhang , Qingan Yan , Chunxia Xiao

Proteins are sequences of amino acids that serve as the basic building blocks of living organisms. Despite rapidly growing databases documenting structural and functional information for various protein sequences, our understanding of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-06 Weihang Dai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced molecular discovery, but existing multimodal molecular architectures fundamentally rely on autoregressive (AR) backbones. This strict left-to-right inductive bias is sub-optimal for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Seohyeon Shin , HanJun Choi , Jun-Hyung Park , Hong Kook Kim , Mansu Kim

Coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics simulations enable efficient exploration of protein conformational ensembles. However, reconstructing atomic details from CG structures (backmapping) remains a challenging problem. Current approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Xu Han , Yuancheng Sun , Kai Chen , Yuxuan Ren , Kang Liu , Qiwei Ye

Recent advances in protein backbone generation have achieved promising results under structural, functional, or physical constraints. However, existing methods lack the flexibility for precise topology control, limiting navigation of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zhengxi Lu , Shizhuo Cheng , Yuru Jiang , Yan Zhang , Min Zhang

Transformers are arguably the preferred architecture for language generation. In this paper, inspired by continued fractions, we introduce a new function class for generative modeling. The architecture family implementing this function…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Amit Dhurandhar , Vijil Chenthamarakshan , Dennis Wei , Tejaswini Pedapati , Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy , Rahul Nair

Data augmentation for deep learning benefits model training, image transformation, medical imaging analysis and many other fields. Many existing methods generate new samples from a parametric distribution, like the Gaussian, with little…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Elvis Han Cui , Bingbin Li , Yanan Li , Weng Kee Wong , Donghui Wang

Predicting the interaction between a compound and a target is crucial for rapid drug repurposing. Deep learning has been successfully applied in drug-target affinity (DTA) problem. However, previous deep learning-based methods ignore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Tri Minh Nguyen , Thin Nguyen , Thao Minh Le , Truyen Tran

We present a machine learning approach that leverages persistent homology to classify bacterial flagellar motors into two functional states: rotated and stalled. By embedding protein structural data into a topological framework, we extract…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-19 Zakaria Lamine , Abdelatif Hafid , Mohamed Rahouti

Structure-based drug design involves finding ligand molecules that exhibit structural and chemical complementarity to protein pockets. Deep generative methods have shown promise in proposing novel molecules from scratch (de-novo design),…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-09 Pavol Drotár , Arian Rokkum Jamasb , Ben Day , Cătălina Cangea , Pietro Liò

Geometric diffusion models have shown remarkable success in molecular dynamics and structure generation. However, efficiently fine-tuning them for downstream tasks with varying geometric controls remains underexplored. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Wanjia Zhao , Jiaqi Han , Siyi Gu , Mingjian Jiang , James Zou , Stefano Ermon

We introduce Statistical Flow Matching (SFM), a novel and mathematically rigorous flow-matching framework on the manifold of parameterized probability measures inspired by the results from information geometry. We demonstrate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Chaoran Cheng , Jiahan Li , Jian Peng , Ge Liu
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