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Text--image retrieval is necessary for applications such as product recommendation. Embedding-based approaches like CLIP enable efficient large-scale retrieval via vector similarity search, but they are primarily trained on literal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Eric He , Akash Gupta , Adian Liusie , Vatsal Raina , Piotr Molenda , Shirom Chabra , Vyas Raina

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capability in a wide range of tasks such as visual recognition, document parsing, and visual grounding. Nevertheless, recent work shows that while VLMs often manage to capture the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Chengxin Liu , Wonseok Choi , Chenshuang Zhang , Tae-Hyun Oh

Large vision-and-language models (VLMs) trained to match images with text on large-scale datasets of image-text pairs have shown impressive generalization ability on several vision and language tasks. Several recent works, however, showed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Navid Rajabi , Jana Kosecka

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong performance in zero-shot image classification tasks. However, existing methods, including Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP), all rely on annotated text-to-image pairs for aligning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Dianxing Shi , Dingjie Fu , Yuqiao Liu , Jun Wang

Despite the impressive capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in integrating text and image modalities, challenges remain in accurately interpreting detailed visual elements. Vision detection models excel at recognizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Qirui Jiao , Daoyuan Chen , Yilun Huang , Yaliang Li , Ying Shen

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP)~\citep{radford2021learning} has emerged as a pivotal model in computer vision and multimodal learning, achieving state-of-the-art performance at aligning visual and textual representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Shaoan Xie , Lingjing Kong , Yujia Zheng , Yu Yao , Zeyu Tang , Eric P. Xing , Guangyi Chen , Kun Zhang

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have made significant progress in downstream tasks that require quantitative concepts such as facial age estimation and image quality assessment, enabling VLMs to explore applications like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Wei-Hsiang Yu , Yen-Yu Lin , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Yi-Hsuan Tsai

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized video-based computer vision applications, including action recognition, anomaly detection, and video summarization. Videos inherently pose unique challenges, combining spatial complexity with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xi Ding , Lei Wang

The success of large-scale contrastive vision-language pretraining (CLIP) has benefited both visual recognition and multimodal content understanding. The concise design brings CLIP the advantage in inference efficiency against other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Shijie Geng , Jianbo Yuan , Yu Tian , Yuxiao Chen , Yongfeng Zhang

In recent years, the rapid growth of online multimedia services, such as e-commerce platforms, has necessitated the development of personalised recommendation approaches that can encode diverse content about each item. Indeed, modern…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Zixuan Yi , Zijun Long , Iadh Ounis , Craig Macdonald , Richard Mccreadie

Transformer-based language models, though not explicitly trained to mimic brain recordings, have demonstrated surprising alignment with brain activity. Progress in these models-through increased size, instruction-tuning, and…

Fine-grained multimodal capability in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has emerged as a critical research direction, particularly for tackling the visual grounding (VG) problem. Despite the strong performance achieved by existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Weitai Kang , Weiming Zhuang , Zhizhong Li , Yan Yan , Lingjuan Lyu

Large-scale vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP successfully find correspondences between images and text. Through the standard deterministic mapping process, an image or a text sample is mapped to a single vector in the embedding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Uddeshya Upadhyay , Shyamgopal Karthik , Massimiliano Mancini , Zeynep Akata

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), or Vision-Language Models (VLMs), have shown impressive capabilities in a wide range of visual tasks. However, they often struggle with fine-grained visual reasoning, failing to identify domain-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yucheng Shi , Quanzheng Li , Jin Sun , Xiang Li , Ninghao Liu

Fine-grained image classification is a challenging task due to the large intra-class variance and small inter-class variance, aiming at recognizing hundreds of sub-categories belonging to the same basic-level category. Most existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Xiangteng He , Yuxin Peng

Visual document understanding (VDU) is a challenging task for large vision language models (LVLMs), requiring the integration of visual perception, text recognition, and reasoning over structured layouts. Although recent LVLMs have shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Haruka Kawasaki , Ryota Tanaka , Kyosuke Nishida

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant progress in vision-language understanding, yet effectively aligning different modalities remains a fundamental challenge. We present a framework that unifies multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Wanpeng Zhang , Yicheng Feng , Hao Luo , Yijiang Li , Zihao Yue , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu

This paper presents several novel findings on the explainability of vision reflection in large multimodal models (LMMs). First, we show that prompting an LMM to verify the prediction of a specialized vision model can improve recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Guoyuan An , JaeYoon Kim , SungEui Yoon

While recent vision-and-language models (VLMs) like CLIP are a powerful tool for analyzing text and images in a shared semantic space, they do not explicitly model the hierarchical nature of the set of texts which may describe an image.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Morris Alper , Hadar Averbuch-Elor

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) learns rich representations via readily available supervision of natural language. It improves the performance of downstream vision tasks, including but not limited to the zero-shot, long tail,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Yi Li , Hualiang Wang , Yiqun Duan , Hang Xu , Xiaomeng Li
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