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Transformer is a ubiquitous model for natural language processing and has attracted wide attentions in computer vision. The attention maps are indispensable for a transformer model to encode the dependencies among input tokens. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yujing Wang , Yaming Yang , Jiangang Bai , Mingliang Zhang , Jing Bai , Jing Yu , Ce Zhang , Gao Huang , Yunhai Tong

Transformers generalize to novel compositions of structures and entities after being trained on a complex dataset, but easily overfit on datasets of insufficient complexity. We observe that when the training set is sufficiently complex, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Yichen Jiang , Xiang Zhou , Mohit Bansal

In this work, we investigate the possibility of improving multireference-driven coupled cluster (CC) approaches with an algorithm that iteratively combines complete active space (CAS) calculations with tailored CC and externally corrected…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Robin Feldmann , Max Mörchen , Jakub Lang , Michał Lesiuk , Markus Reiher

The invention of the transformer architecture has revolutionized Artificial Intelligence (AI), yielding unprecedented success in areas such as natural language processing, computer vision, and multimodal reasoning. Despite these advances,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Kenneth L. Clarkson , Lior Horesh , Takuya Ito , Charlotte Park , Parikshit Ram

Attention is a general reasoning mechanism than can flexibly deal with image information, but its memory requirements had made it so far impractical for high resolution image generation. We present Grid Partitioned Attention (GPA), a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Nikolay Jetchev , Gökhan Yildirim , Christian Bracher , Roland Vollgraf

Transformers have emerged as the architecture of choice for many state-of-the-art AI models, showcasing exceptional performance across a wide range of AI applications. However, the memory demands imposed by Transformers limit their ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Hao Liu , Matei Zaharia , Pieter Abbeel

We take a deep look into the behavior of self-attention heads in the transformer architecture. In light of recent work discouraging the use of attention distributions for explaining a model's behavior, we show that attention distributions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Damian Pascual , Gino Brunner , Roger Wattenhofer

The attention interaction matrix $QK^{\top}$ contains two entangled computations: a skew-symmetric component that redistributes information between positions (routing) and a symmetric component that scales mutual relevance (filtering). We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Shafayeth Jamil , Rehan Kapadia

Several nuclear physics studies using the CLAS12 detector rely on the accurate reconstruction of neutrons and photons from its forward angle calorimeter system. These studies often place restrictive cuts when measuring neutral particles due…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-07 Gregory Matousek , Anselm Vossen

Recently Transformer-based models have advanced point cloud understanding by leveraging self-attention mechanisms, however, these methods often overlook latent information in less prominent regions, leading to increased sensitivity to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Yi Wang , Jiaze Wang , Ziyu Guo , Renrui Zhang , Donghao Zhou , Guangyong Chen , Anfeng Liu , Pheng-Ann Heng

Deriving value from a conversational AI system depends on the capacity of a user to translate the prior knowledge into a configuration. In most cases, discovering the set of relevant turn-level speaker intents is often one of the key steps.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Mrinal Rawat , Hithesh Sankararaman , Victor Barres

Clustering data is an unsupervised learning approach that aims to divide a set of data points into multiple groups. It is a crucial yet demanding subject in machine learning and data mining. Its successful applications span various fields.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-26 Seok Bin Son , Soohyun Park , Joongheon Kim

A considerable amount of clustering algorithms take instance-feature matrices as their inputs. As such, they cannot directly analyze time series data due to its temporal nature, usually unequal lengths, and complex properties. This is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Qi Lei , Jinfeng Yi , Roman Vaculin , Lingfei Wu , Inderjit S. Dhillon

Supervised machine learning explainability has developed rapidly in recent years. However, clustering explainability has lagged behind. Here, we demonstrate the first adaptation of model-agnostic explainability methods to explain…

The transformer architecture has driven breakthroughs in recent years on tasks which require modeling pairwise relationships between sequential elements, as is the case in natural language understanding. However, long seqeuences pose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Heejun Lee , Jina Kim , Jeffrey Willette , Sung Ju Hwang

Self-attention and masked self-attention are at the heart of Transformers' outstanding success. Still, our mathematical understanding of attention, in particular of its Lipschitz properties - which are key when it comes to analyzing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Valérie Castin , Pierre Ablin , Gabriel Peyré

Clustering is one of the fundamental tasks in computer vision and pattern recognition. Recently, deep clustering methods (algorithms based on deep learning) have attracted wide attention with their impressive performance. Most of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Yanhai Gan , Xinghui Dong , Huiyu Zhou , Feng Gao , Junyu Dong

A new model called Clustering with Neural Network and Index (CNNI) is introduced. CNNI uses a Neural Network to cluster data points. Training of the Neural Network mimics supervised learning, with an internal clustering evaluation index…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Gangli Liu

Deep subspace clustering models are vital for applications such as snowmelt detection, sea ice tracking, crop health monitoring, infectious disease modeling, network load prediction, and land-use planning, where multivariate spatiotemporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Francis Ndikum Nji , Vandana Janeja , Jianwu Wang

The self-attention mechanism is the key to the success of transformers in recent Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the quadratic computational cost $O(n^2)$ in the input sequence length $n$ is a notorious obstacle for further…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Yingyu Liang , Heshan Liu , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Zhuoyan Xu , Junze Yin