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Documents are visually rich structures that convey information through text, but also figures, page layouts, tables, or even fonts. Since modern retrieval systems mainly rely on the textual information they extract from document pages to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Manuel Faysse , Hugues Sibille , Tony Wu , Bilel Omrani , Gautier Viaud , Céline Hudelot , Pierre Colombo

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable performance in computer vision tasks that require reasoning across visual and textual modalities, yet their capabilities are limited to their pre-trained data, requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mirco Bonomo , Simone Bianco

Long-context large language models (LC LLMs) combined with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) hold strong potential for complex multi-hop and large-document tasks. However, existing RAG systems often suffer from imprecise retrieval,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Woosang Lim , Zekun Li , Gyuwan Kim , Sungyoung Ji , HyeonJung Kim , Kyuri Choi , Jin Hyuk Lim , Kyungpyo Park , William Yang Wang

Extraction and interpretation of intricate information from unstructured text data arising in financial applications, such as earnings call transcripts, present substantial challenges to large language models (LLMs) even using the current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Bhaskarjit Sarmah , Benika Hall , Rohan Rao , Sunil Patel , Stefano Pasquali , Dhagash Mehta

Understanding multi-page documents poses a significant challenge for multimodal large language models (MLLMs), as it requires fine-grained visual comprehension and multi-hop reasoning across pages. While prior work has explored…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Junyu Xiong , Yonghui Wang , Weichao Zhao , Chenyu Liu , Bing Yin , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li

Visually Rich Document Understanding (VRDU) has become a pivotal area of research, driven by the need to automatically interpret documents that contain intricate visual, textual, and structural elements. Recently, Multimodal Large Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yihao Ding , Siwen Luo , Yue Dai , Yanbei Jiang , Zechuan Li , Qiang Sun , Geoffrey Martin , Wei Liu , Yifan Peng

With recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), grounding and referring capabilities have gained increasing attention for achieving detailed understanding and flexible user interaction. However, these capabilities still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Yinan Zhou , Yuxin Chen , Haokun Lin , Yichen Wu , Shuyu Yang , Zhongang Qi , Chen Ma , Li Zhu , Ying Shan

Large-scale language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various language tasks but suffer from hallucinations and temporal misalignment. To mitigate these shortcomings, Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Zhongzhen Huang , Kui Xue , Yongqi Fan , Linjie Mu , Ruoyu Liu , Tong Ruan , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang

We present Multimodal OCR (MOCR), a document parsing paradigm that jointly parses text and graphics into unified textual representations. Unlike conventional OCR systems that focus on text recognition and leave graphical regions as cropped…

Existing benchmarks for evaluating foundation models mainly focus on single-document, text-only tasks. However, they often fail to fully capture the complexity of research workflows, which typically involve interpreting non-textual data and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Chuhan Li , Ziyao Shangguan , Yilun Zhao , Deyuan Li , Yixin Liu , Arman Cohan

Text-rich document understanding (TDU) requires comprehensive analysis of documents containing substantial textual content and complex layouts. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved fast progress in this domain,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Wenhui Liao , Jiapeng Wang , Hongliang Li , Chengyu Wang , Jun Huang , Lianwen Jin

The rapid advancement of unsupervised representation learning and large-scale pre-trained vision-language models has significantly improved cross-modal retrieval tasks. However, existing multi-modal information retrieval (MMIR) studies lack…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Zirui Li , Siwei Wu , Yizhi Li , Xingyu Wang , Yi Zhou , Chenghua Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in answering questions, but they lack domain-specific knowledge and are prone to hallucinations. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is one approach to address these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Monica Riedler , Stefan Langer

The rapid evolution of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) toward multimodal, high-stakes enterprise applications has outpaced the development of domain specific evaluation benchmarks. Existing datasets often rely on general-domain corpora…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Chandan Kumar Sahu , Premith Kumar Chilukuri , Matthew Hetrich

Effectively retrieving, reasoning, and understanding multimodal information remains a critical challenge for agentic systems. Traditional Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) methods rely on linear interaction histories, which struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Qiuchen Wang , Shihang Wang , Yu Zeng , Qiang Zhang , Fanrui Zhang , Zhuoning Guo , Bosi Zhang , Wenxuan Huang , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Pengjun Xie , Ruixue Ding

Vision-centric retrieval for VQA requires retrieving images to supply missing visual cues and integrating them into the reasoning process. However, selecting the right images and integrating them effectively into the model's reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhuohong Chen , Zhengxian Wu , Zirui Liao , Shenao Jiang , Hangrui Xu , Yang Chen , Chaokui Su , Xiaoyu Liu , Haoqian Wang

Retrieving visual and textual information from medical literature and hospital records can enhance diagnostic accuracy for clinical image interpretation. However, multimodal retrieval-augmented diagnosis is highly challenging. We explore a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Nir Mazor , Tom Hope

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a common way to ground language models in external documents and up-to-date information. Classical retrieval systems relied on lexical methods such as BM25, which rank documents by term overlap with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Martin Asenov , Kenza Benkirane , Dan Goldwater , Aneiss Ghodsi

Despite recent advances in large language models (LLMs), most QA benchmarks are still confined to single-paragraph or single-document settings, failing to capture the complexity of real-world information-seeking tasks. Practical QA often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Jiwon Park , Seohyun Pyeon , Jinwoo Kim , Rina Carines Cabal , Yihao Ding , Soyeon Caren Han

This paper presents a novel Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework tailored for complex question answering tasks, addressing challenges in multi-hop reasoning and contextual understanding across lengthy documents. Built upon LLaMA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Xinyue Huang , Ziqi Lin , Fang Sun , Wenchao Zhang , Kejian Tong , Yunbo Liu