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The ability to understand and answer questions over documents can be useful in many business and practical applications. However, documents often contain lengthy and diverse multimodal contents such as texts, figures, and tables, which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yew Ken Chia , Liying Cheng , Hou Pong Chan , Chaoqun Liu , Maojia Song , Sharifah Mahani Aljunied , Soujanya Poria , Lidong Bing

Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) requires models to jointly understand textual semantics, spatial layout, and visual features. Current methods struggle with explicit spatial relationship modeling, inefficiency with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ahmad Mohammadshirazi , Pinaki Prasad Guha Neogi , Dheeraj Kulshrestha , Rajiv Ramnath

Long-Context Question Answering (LCQA), a challenging task, aims to reason over long-context documents to yield accurate answers to questions. Existing long-context Large Language Models (LLMs) for LCQA often struggle with the "lost in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Qingfei Zhao , Ruobing Wang , Yukuo Cen , Daren Zha , Shicheng Tan , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a powerful strategy for improving the factual accuracy of models by retrieving external knowledge relevant to queries and incorporating it into the generation process. However, existing approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Soyeong Jeong , Kangsan Kim , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

Document centric RAG pipelines usually begin with OCR, followed by brittle heuristics for chunking, table parsing, and layout reconstruction. These text first workflows are costly to maintain, sensitive to small layout shifts, and often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Anup Roy , Rishabh Gyanendra Upadhyay , Animesh Rameshbhai Panara , Robin Mills , Aidan Millar

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) perform well in video understanding but degrade on long videos due to fixed-length context and weak long-term dependency modeling. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can expand knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zhucun Xue , Jiangning Zhang , Xurong Xie , Yuxuan Cai , Yong Liu , Xiangtai Li , Dacheng Tao

Document retrieval is an important task for search and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) applications. Large Language Models (LLMs) have contributed to improving the accuracy of text-based document retrieval. However, documents with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Radek Osmulski , Gabriel de Souza P. Moreira , Ronay Ak , Mengyao Xu , Benedikt Schifferer , Even Oldridge

Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) refers to the task of answering questions from document images. Existing work on DocVQA only considers single-page documents. However, in real scenarios documents are mostly composed of multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Rubèn Tito , Dimosthenis Karatzas , Ernest Valveny

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently been extended to multimodal settings, connecting multimodal large language models (MLLMs) with vast corpora of external knowledge such as multimodal knowledge graphs (MMKGs). Despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hyeongcheol Park , Jiyoung Seo , Jaewon Mun , Hogun Park , Wonmin Byeon , Sung June Kim , Hyeonsoo Im , JeungSub Lee , Sangpil Kim

Visual Question Answering (VQA) focuses on providing answers to natural language questions by utilizing information from images. Although cutting-edge multimodal large language models (MLLMs) such as GPT-4o achieve strong performance on VQA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Zhengxuan Zhang , Yin Wu , Yuyu Luo , Nan Tang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently demonstrated the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the knowledge-intensive tasks such as Question-Answering (QA). RAG expands the query context by incorporating external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zijian Hei , Weiling Liu , Wenjie Ou , Juyi Qiao , Junming Jiao , Guowen Song , Ting Tian , Yi Lin

The proliferation of multimodal Large Language Models has significantly advanced the ability to analyze and understand complex data inputs from different modalities. However, the processing of long documents remains under-explored, largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Goeric Huybrechts , Srikanth Ronanki , Sai Muralidhar Jayanthi , Jack Fitzgerald , Srinivasan Veeravanallur

Multi-modal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a highly effective paradigm for Knowledge-Based Visual Question Answering (KB-VQA). Despite recent advancements, prevailing methods still primarily depend on images as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yingjian Zhu , Xinming Wang , Kun Ding , Ying Wang , Bin Fan , Shiming Xiang

The proliferation of MultiLingual Visual Question Answering (MLVQA) benchmarks augments the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and multi-modal LLMs, thereby enabling them to adeptly capture the intricate linguistic subtleties and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Aniket Pal , Ajoy Mondal , Minesh Mathew , C. V. Jawahar

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge. Current hybrid RAG system retrieves evidence from both knowledge graphs (KGs) and text documents to support LLM reasoning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xingyu Tan , Xiaoyang Wang , Qing Liu , Xiwei Xu , Xin Yuan , Liming Zhu , Wenjie Zhang

Text-to-3D generation approaches have advanced significantly by leveraging pretrained 2D diffusion priors, producing high-quality and 3D-consistent outputs. However, they often fail to produce out-of-domain (OOD) or rare concepts, yielding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yosef Dayani , Omer Benishu , Sagie Benaim

Multi-document Multi-entity Question Answering inherently demands models to track implicit logic between multiple entities across scattered documents. However, existing Large Language Models (LLMs) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Teng Lin , Yizhang Zhu , Zhengxuan Zhang , Yuyu Luo , Nan Tang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been used in question answering (QA) systems to improve performance when relevant information is in one (single-hop) or multiple (multi-hop) passages. However, many real life scenarios (e.g. dealing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Mykolas Sveistrys , Richard Kunert

RAG-based QA has emerged as a powerful method for processing long industrial documents. However, conventional text chunking approaches often neglect complex and long industrial document structures, causing information loss and reduced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Joongmin Shin , Chanjun Park , Jeongbae Park , Jaehyung Seo , Heuiseok Lim

Robust deployment of large multimodal models (LMMs) in real-world scenarios requires access to external knowledge sources, given the complexity and dynamic nature of real-world information. Existing approaches such as retrieval-augmented…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Jinming Wu , Zihao Deng , Wei Li , Yiding Liu , Bo You , Bo Li , Zejun Ma , Ziwei Liu