Related papers: On Voting Process and Quantum Mechanics
The privacy of communicating participants is often of paramount importance, but in some situations it is an essential condition. A typical example is a fair (secret) voting. We analyze in detail communication privacy based on quantum…
There has been much recent work on multiwinner voting systems. However, sometimes a committee is highly structured, and if we want to vote for such a committee, our voting method should be more structured as well. We consider committees…
In this letter we investigate the possibility of observing macroscopic entanglement, considering realistic factors such as decoherence, particle losses, and measurements of limited precision (coarse-grained collective measurements). This…
It is commonly believed that the most general type of a quantum-mechanical measurement is one described by a positive-operator valued measure (POVM). In the present paper, this statement is proven for any measurements on quantum systems…
Recent development in quantum information sciences and technologies, especially building programmable quantum computers, provide us new opportunities to study fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics. We propose qubit models to emulate the…
In this article we propose a new approach to quantum measurement in reference to the stroboscopic tomography. Generally, in the stroboscopic approach it is assumed that the information about the quantum system is encoded in the mean values…
A specific family of point processes are introduced that allow to select samples for the purpose of estimating the mean or the integral of a function of a real variable. These processes, called quasi-systematic processes, depend on a tuning…
Phase is a basic ingredient for quantum states since quantum mechanics uses complex numbers to describe quantum states. In this letter, we introduce a rigorous framework to quantify the phase of quantum states. To do so, we regard phase as…
The quantum measurement process by a single-electron transistor or a quantum point contact coupled to a quantum bit is studied. We find a unified description of the statistics of the monitored quantity, the current, in the regime of strong…
During the past decades, quantum mechanical methods have undergone an amazing transition from pioneering investigations of experts into a wide range of practical applications, made by a vast community of researchers. First principles…
We work out an exactly solvable hamiltonian model which retains all the features of realistic quantum measurements. In order to use an interaction process involving a system and an apparatus as a measurement, it is necessary that the…
A framework for a quantum information theory is introduced that is based on the measure of quantum information associated with probability distribution predicted by quantum measuring of state. The entanglement between states of measured…
We analyze Assessment Voting, a new two-round voting procedure that can be applied to binary decisions in democratic societies. In the first round, a randomly-selected number of citizens cast their vote on one of the two alternatives at…
"Quantum sensing" describes the use of a quantum system, quantum properties or quantum phenomena to perform a measurement of a physical quantity. Historical examples of quantum sensors include magnetometers based on superconducting quantum…
The paper discusses dynamics of quantum measurements in mesoscopic solid-state systems. The aim is to show how the general ideas of the quantum measurement theory play out in the realistic models of actual mesoscopic detectors. The two…
It is assumed that the quantum state that may describe a macroscopic system at a given instant of time is one of the eigenstates of the reduced density matrix calculated from the wave function of the system plus its environment. This…
We study quantum steering experiments without assuming that the trusted party can perfectly control their measurement device. Instead, we introduce a scenario in which these measurements are subject to small imprecision. We show that small…
Recent experiments on the conductance of high quality quantum wires have revealed an unexpected feature: the quantization step of the conductance is apparently system dependent. We provide the understanding of this behaviour using the…
We show that probabilities of results of all possible measurements performing on a quantum system depend on the system's state only through its density matrix. Therefore all experimentally available information about the state contains in…
The challenge of understanding the collective behaviors of social systems can benefit from methods and concepts from physics [1-6], not because humans are similar to electrons, but because certain large-scale behaviors can be understood…