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Charts are very popular to analyze data and convey important insights. People often analyze visualizations to answer open-ended questions that require explanatory answers. Answering such questions are often difficult and time-consuming as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Shankar Kantharaj , Xuan Long Do , Rixie Tiffany Ko Leong , Jia Qing Tan , Enamul Hoque , Shafiq Joty

Intent identification serves as the foundation for generating appropriate responses in personalized question answering (PQA). However, existing benchmarks evaluate only response quality or retrieval performance without directly measuring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jieyong Kim , Maryam Amirizaniani , Soojin Yoon , Dongha Lee

There is growing excitement about the potential of Language Models (LMs) to accelerate scientific discovery. Falsifying hypotheses is key to scientific progress, as it allows claims to be iteratively refined over time. This process requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Shiven Sinha , Shashwat Goel , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Jonas Geiping , Matthias Bethge , Ameya Prabhu

Question answering (QA) is an important aspect of open-domain conversational agents, garnering specific research focus in the conversational QA (ConvQA) subtask. One notable limitation of recent ConvQA efforts is the response being answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Ashutosh Baheti , Alan Ritter , Kevin Small

Understanding protein structure and function is crucial in biology. However, current computational methods are often task-specific and resource-intensive. To address this, we propose zero-shot Protein Question Answering (PQA), a task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Eli M Carrami , Sahand Sharifzadeh

Semantic parsing shines at analyzing complex natural language that involves composition and computation over multiple pieces of evidence. However, datasets for semantic parsing contain many factoid questions that can be answered from a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-17 Alon Talmor , Mor Geva , Jonathan Berant

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been showing promising results for various NLP-tasks without the explicit need to be trained for these tasks by using few-shot or zero-shot prompting techniques. A common NLP-task is question-answering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Kevin Fischer , Darren Fürst , Sebastian Steindl , Jakob Lindner , Ulrich Schäfer

Scaling Visual Question Answering (VQA) to the open-domain and multi-hop nature of web searches, requires fundamental advances in visual representation learning, knowledge aggregation, and language generation. In this work, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Yingshan Chang , Mridu Narang , Hisami Suzuki , Guihong Cao , Jianfeng Gao , Yonatan Bisk

We present a simple method that achieves unexpectedly superior performance for Complex Reasoning involved Visual Question Answering. Our solution collects statistical features from high-frequency words of all the questions asked about an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Shijie Geng , Ji Zhang , Hang Zhang , Ahmed Elgammal , Dimitris N. Metaxas

We consider the problem of adapting neural paragraph-level question answering models to the case where entire documents are given as input. Our proposed solution trains models to produce well calibrated confidence scores for their results…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Christopher Clark , Matt Gardner

Rigorous and reproducible evaluation is critical for assessing the state of the art and for guiding scientific advances in Artificial Intelligence. Evaluation is challenging in practice due to several reasons, including benchmark…

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has enabled us to seek answers to inherently debatable questions on LLM chatbots, necessitating a reliable way to evaluate their ability. However, traditional QA benchmarks assume fixed answers are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Rongwu Xu , Xuan Qi , Zehan Qi , Wei Xu , Zhijiang Guo

Multiple-choice question answering (MCQA) is often used to evaluate large language models (LLMs). To see if MCQA assesses LLMs as intended, we probe if LLMs can perform MCQA with choices-only prompts, where models must select the correct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Nishant Balepur , Abhilasha Ravichander , Rachel Rudinger

We show that a character-level encoder-decoder framework can be successfully applied to question answering with a structured knowledge base. We use our model for single-relation question answering and demonstrate the effectiveness of our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-07 David Golub , Xiaodong He

Systematic benchmark evaluation plays an important role in the process of improving technologies for Question Answering (QA) systems. While currently there are a number of existing evaluation methods for natural language (NL) QA systems,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Takuto Asakura , Jin-Dong Kim , Yasunori Yamamoto , Yuka Tateisi , Toshihisa Takagi

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in various reasoning tasks but face significant challenges with complex, knowledge-intensive multi-hop queries, particularly those involving new or long-tail knowledge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Jie He , Nan Hu , Wanqiu Long , Jiaoyan Chen , Jeff Z. Pan

Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently hallucinate to long-form questions, producing plausible yet factually incorrect answers. A common mitigation strategy is to provide attribution to LLM outputs. However, existing benchmarks primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yitao Long , Tiansheng Hu , Yilun Zhao , Arman Cohan , Chen Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various disciplines and tasks. However, benchmarking their capabilities with multilingual spoken queries remains largely unexplored. In this study, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Firoj Alam , Md Arid Hasan , Shammur Absar Chowdhury

Evaluating multi-paragraph clinical question answering (QA) systems is resource-intensive and challenging: accurate judgments require medical expertise and achieving consistent human judgments over multi-paragraph text is difficult. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Federica Bologna , Tiffany Pan , Matthew Wilkens , Yue Guo , Lucy Lu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance across various tasks, prompting researchers to develop diverse evaluation benchmarks. However, most benchmarks typically measure the ability of LLMs to respond to individual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yutao Hou , Yajing Luo , Zhiwen Ruan , Hongru Wang , Weifeng Ge , Yun Chen , Guanhua Chen