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Federated Learning (FL) allows multiple clients to collaboratively train a Neural Network (NN) model on their private data without revealing the data. Recently, several targeted poisoning attacks against FL have been introduced. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Phillip Rieger , Thien Duc Nguyen , Markus Miettinen , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

In a federated learning (FL) system, decentralized data owners (clients) could upload their locally trained models to a central server, to jointly train a global model. Malicious clients may plant backdoors into the global model through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Songze Li , Yanbo Dai

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning technique that enables individual clients (e.g., user participants, edge devices, or organizations) to train a model on their local data in a secure environment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Waris Gill , Ali Anwar , Muhammad Ali Gulzar

Federated learning allows multiple users to collaboratively train a shared classification model while preserving data privacy. This approach, where model updates are aggregated by a central server, was shown to be vulnerable to poisoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Chien-Lun Chen , Leana Golubchik , Marco Paolieri

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed devices while preserving local data privacy, making it ideal for mobile and embedded systems. However, the decentralized nature of FL also opens vulnerabilities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Kichang Lee , Yujin Shin , Jonghyuk Yun , Songkuk Kim , Jun Han , JeongGil Ko

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a class of deep learning-based methods for processing graph domain information. GNNs have recently become a widely used graph analysis method due to their superior ability to learn representations for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Jing Xu , Rui Wang , Stefanos Koffas , Kaitai Liang , Stjepan Picek

Federated graph learning (FedGL) is an emerging federated learning (FL) framework that extends FL to learn graph data from diverse sources. FL for non-graph data has shown to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks, which inject a shared backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Yuxin Yang , Qiang Li , Jinyuan Jia , Yuan Hong , Binghui Wang

Federated Learning (FL) is increasingly adopted for privacy-preserving collaborative training, but its decentralized nature makes it particularly susceptible to backdoor attacks. Existing attack methods, however, often rely on idealized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Xuezheng Qin , Ruwei Huang , Xiaolong Tang , Feng Li

Federated Self-Supervised Learning (FSSL) integrates the privacy advantages of distributed training with the capability of self-supervised learning to leverage unlabeled data, showing strong potential across applications. However, recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Jiayao Wang , Yiping Zhang , Jiale Zhang , Wenliang Yuan , Qilin Wu , Junwu Zhu , Dongfang Zhao

Federated Learning (FL) is a collaborative machine learning approach allowing participants to jointly train a model without having to share their private, potentially sensitive local datasets with others. Despite its benefits, FL is…

Backdoor attacks can cause reinforcement learning (RL) policies to behave normally under clean inputs while executing malicious behaviors when triggers are present. Existing RL backdoor attacks are primarily studied in simulation and often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Tairan Huang , Qingqing Ye , Yulin Jin , Jiawei Lian , Yaxin Xiao , Yi Wang , Haibo Hu

Backdoor attacks pose a significant threat to the integrity and reliability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, enabling adversaries to manipulate model behavior by injecting poisoned data with hidden triggers. These attacks can lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Osama Wehbi , Sarhad Arisdakessian , Omar Abdel Wahab , Azzam Mourad , Hadi Otrok , Jamal Bentahar

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized model training while preserving privacy. Recently, the integration of Foundation Models (FMs) into FL has enhanced performance but introduced a novel backdoor attack mechanism. Attackers can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xiaohuan Bi , Xi Li

Federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to backdoor attacks, yet most existing methods are limited by fixed-pattern or single-target triggers, making them inflexible and easier to detect. We propose FLAT (FL Arbitrary-Target Attack), a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Tuan Nguyen , Khoa D Doan , Kok-Seng Wong

Federated learning (FL) attempts to train a global model by aggregating local models from distributed devices under the coordination of a central server. However, the existence of a large number of heterogeneous devices makes FL vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Wenqiang Sun , Sen Li , Yuchang Sun , Jun Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning method for training with private data locally stored in distributed machines without gathering them into one place for central learning. Despite its promises, FL is prone to critical security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Duong H. Nguyen , Phi L. Nguyen , Truong T. Nguyen , Hieu H. Pham , Duc A. Tran

Federated Transfer Learning (FTL) is the most general variation of Federated Learning. According to this distributed paradigm, a feature learning pre-step is commonly carried out by only one party, typically the server, on publicly shared…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Marco Arazzi , Stefanos Koffas , Antonino Nocera , Stjepan Picek

In the era of a data-driven society with the ubiquity of Internet of Things (IoT) devices storing large amounts of data localized at different places, distributed learning has gained a lot of traction, however, assuming independent and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Priyesh Ranjan , Ashish Gupta , Federico Corò , Sajal K. Das

This paper investigates the vulnerability of spiking neural networks (SNNs) and federated learning (FL) to backdoor attacks using neuromorphic data. Despite the efficiency of SNNs and the privacy advantages of FL, particularly in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Gorka Abad , Stjepan Picek , Aitor Urbieta

Large models adaptation through Federated Learning (FL) addresses a wide range of use cases and is enabled by Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning techniques such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA). However, this distributed learning paradigm faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Bastien Vuillod , Pierre-Alain Moellic , Jean-Max Dutertre