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Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized clients without sharing raw data, yet faces significant challenges in real-world settings where client data distributions evolve dynamically over time. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Rahul Atul Bhope , K. R. Jayaram , Praveen Venkateswaran , Nalini Venkatasubramanian

Federated learning has created a decentralized method to train a machine learning model without needing direct access to client data. The main goal of a federated learning architecture is to protect the privacy of each client while still…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Marc Vucovich , Devin Quinn , Kevin Choi , Christopher Redino , Abdul Rahman , Edward Bowen

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a new paradigm for privacy-preserving collaborative training. Under domain skew, the current FL approaches are biased and face two fairness problems. 1) Parameter Update Conflict: data disparity among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yuhang Chen , Wenke Huang , Mang Ye

Federated learning (FL) systems are susceptible to attacks from malicious actors who might attempt to corrupt the training model through various poisoning attacks. FL also poses new challenges in addressing group bias, such as ensuring fair…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Viktor Valadi , Xinchi Qiu , Pedro Porto Buarque de Gusmão , Nicholas D. Lane , Mina Alibeigi

The emerging paradigm of federated learning (FL) strives to enable collaborative training of deep models on the network edge without centrally aggregating raw data and hence improving data privacy. In most cases, the assumption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Xiaoxiao Li , Meirui Jiang , Xiaofei Zhang , Michael Kamp , Qi Dou

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising framework for performing privacy-preserving, distributed learning with a set of clients. However, the data distribution among clients often exhibits non-IID, i.e., distribution shift, which makes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Zhe Qu , Xingyu Li , Rui Duan , Yao Liu , Bo Tang , Zhuo Lu

Federated learning (FL) commonly assumes that the server or some clients have labeled data, which is often impractical due to annotation costs and privacy concerns. Addressing this problem, we focus on a source-free domain adaptation task,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Junki Mori , Kosuke Kihara , Taiki Miyagawa , Akinori F. Ebihara , Isamu Teranishi , Hisashi Kashima

Federated learning (FL), a popular decentralized and privacy-preserving machine learning (FL) framework, has received extensive research attention in recent years. The majority of existing works focus on supervised learning (SL) problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Jieming Bian , Zhu Fu , Jie Xu

As a promising distributed machine learning paradigm, Federated Learning (FL) enables all the involved devices to train a global model collaboratively without exposing their local data privacy. However, for non-IID scenarios, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Ming Hu , Tian Liu , Zhiwei Ling , Zhihao Yue , Mingsong Chen

Federated learning (FL) enables a set of distributed clients to jointly train machine learning models while preserving their local data privacy, making it attractive for applications in healthcare, finance, mobility, and smart-city systems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Eman M. AbouNassar , Amr Elshall , Sameh Abdulah

Federated learning (FL) allows multiple clients to collectively train a high-performance global model without sharing their private data. However, the key challenge in federated learning is that the clients have significant statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Liang Gao , Huazhu Fu , Li Li , Yingwen Chen , Ming Xu , Cheng-Zhong Xu

Federated learning (FL) aims to train machine learning models in the decentralized system consisting of an enormous amount of smart edge devices. Federated averaging (FedAvg), the fundamental algorithm in FL settings, proposes on-device…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Xin Yao , Tianchi Huang , Rui-Xiao Zhang , Ruiyu Li , Lifeng Sun

While existing federated learning approaches mostly require that clients have fully-labeled data to train on, in realistic settings, data obtained at the client-side often comes without any accompanying labels. Such deficiency of labels may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Wonyong Jeong , Jaehong Yoon , Eunho Yang , Sung Ju Hwang

Today data is often scattered among billions of resource-constrained edge devices with security and privacy constraints. Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a viable solution to learn a global model while keeping data private, but the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Sijie Cheng , Jingwen Wu , Yanghua Xiao , Yang Liu , Yang Liu

Federated learning is a decentralized and privacy-preserving technique that enables multiple clients to collaborate with a server to learn a global model without exposing their private data. However, the presence of statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Shiyu Liu , Shaogao Lv , Dun Zeng , Zenglin Xu , Hui Wang , Yue Yu

Heterogeneity arising from label distribution skew and data scarcity can cause inaccuracy and unfairness in intelligent communication applications that heavily rely on distributed computing. To deal with it, this paper proposes a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Chenghao Huang , Xiaolu Chen , Yanru Zhang , Hao Wang

In this paper, we introduce Active Learning framework in Federated Learning for Target Domain Generalisation, harnessing the strength from both learning paradigms. Our framework, FEDALV, composed of Active Learning (AL) and Federated Domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Razvan Caramalau , Binod Bhattarai , Danail Stoyanov

Federated Learning (FL) has recently emerged as a possible way to tackle the domain shift in real-world Semantic Segmentation (SS) without compromising the private nature of the collected data. However, most of the existing works on FL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Donald Shenaj , Eros Fanì , Marco Toldo , Debora Caldarola , Antonio Tavera , Umberto Michieli , Marco Ciccone , Pietro Zanuttigh , Barbara Caputo

Federated learning is an emerging paradigm for decentralized training of machine learning models on distributed clients, without revealing the data to the central server. Most existing works have focused on horizontal or vertical data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jaeyeon Jang , Diego Klabjan , Veena Mendiratta , Fanfei Meng

Federated Learning (FL) aims at unburdening the training of deep models by distributing computation across multiple devices (clients) while safeguarding data privacy. On top of that, Federated Continual Learning (FCL) also accounts for data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Riccardo Salami , Pietro Buzzega , Matteo Mosconi , Mattia Verasani , Simone Calderara
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