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Language models often misinterpret human intentions due to their handling of ambiguity, a limitation well-recognized in NLP research. While morally clear scenarios are more discernible to LLMs, greater difficulty is encountered in morally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Pranav Senthilkumar , Visshwa Balasubramanian , Prisha Jain , Aneesa Maity , Jonathan Lu , Kevin Zhu

Big models have greatly advanced AI's ability to understand, generate, and manipulate information and content, enabling numerous applications. However, as these models become increasingly integrated into everyday life, their inherent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Xiaoyuan Yi , Jing Yao , Xiting Wang , Xing Xie

Large language models (LLMs) have taken centre stage in debates on Artificial Intelligence. Yet there remains a gap in how to assess LLMs' conformity to important human values. In this paper, we investigate whether state-of-the-art LLMs,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-23 José Luiz Nunes , Guilherme F. C. F. Almeida , Marcelo de Araujo , Simone D. J. Barbosa

Are AI systems truly representing human values, or merely averaging across them? Our study suggests a concerning reality: Large Language Models (LLMs) fail to represent diverse cultural moral frameworks despite their linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Simon Münker

Conversational agents have come increasingly closer to human competence in open-domain dialogue settings; however, such models can reflect insensitive, hurtful, or entirely incoherent viewpoints that erode a user's trust in the moral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Caleb Ziems , Jane A. Yu , Yi-Chia Wang , Alon Halevy , Diyi Yang

We explore how large language models (LLMs) can be influenced by prompting them to alter their initial decisions and align them with established ethical frameworks. Our study is based on two experiments designed to assess the susceptibility…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Allison Huang , Yulu Niki Pi , Carlos Mougan

Humans display significant uncertainty when confronted with moral dilemmas, yet the extent of such uncertainty in machines and AI agents remains underexplored. Recent studies have confirmed the overly confident tendencies of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jea Kwon , Luiz Felipe Vecchietti , Sungwon Park , Meeyoung Cha

This study investigates the efficacy of large language models (LLMs) as tools for grading master-level student essays. Utilizing a sample of 60 essays in political science, the study compares the accuracy of grades suggested by the GPT-4…

General Economics · Economics 2024-06-25 Magnus Lundgren

Automated sentiment analysis using Large Language Model (LLM)-based models like ChatGPT, Gemini or LLaMA2 is becoming widespread, both in academic research and in industrial applications. However, assessment and validation of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Alessio Buscemi , Daniele Proverbio

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate in social contexts, motivating analysis of how they express and shift moral judgments. In this work, we investigate the moral response of LLMs to persona role-play, prompting a LLM to assume…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Davi Bastos Costa , Felippe Alves , Renato Vicente

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and Gemini has posed new challenges for the academic community. With the help of these models, students can easily complete their assignments and exams, while educators struggle to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Shushanta Pudasaini , Luis Miralles-Pechuán , David Lillis , Marisa Llorens Salvador

Moral reasoning is a complex cognitive process shaped by individual experiences and cultural contexts and presents unique challenges for computational analysis. While natural language processing (NLP) offers promising tools for studying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Shivani Kumar , David Jurgens

The rapid integration of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) into critical domains necessitates comprehensive moral evaluation to ensure their alignment with human values. While extensive research has addressed moral evaluation in LLMs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Bei Yan , Jie Zhang , Zhiyuan Chen , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

With the development of science and the continuous progress of artificial intelligence technology, Large Language Models (LLMs) have begun to be widely utilized across various fields. However, in the field of psychological counseling, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Fangyu Peng , Jingxin Nie

Large language models of artificial intelligence (AI), such as ChatGPT, find remarkable but controversial applicability in science and research. This paper reviews epistemological challenges, ethical and integrity risks in science conduct…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Evangelos Pournaras

In this study, we measure the moral reasoning ability of LLMs using the Defining Issues Test - a psychometric instrument developed for measuring the moral development stage of a person according to the Kohlberg's Cognitive Moral Development…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Kumar Tanmay , Aditi Khandelwal , Utkarsh Agarwal , Monojit Choudhury

Large Language Models (LLMs) especially ChatGPT have produced impressive results in various areas, but their potential human-like psychology is still largely unexplored. Existing works study the virtual personalities of LLMs but rarely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Haocong Rao , Cyril Leung , Chunyan Miao

Large Language Models(LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various natural language processing tasks; however, how to comprehensively and accurately assess their performance becomes an urgent issue to be addressed. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Xiaotian Zhang , Chunyang Li , Yi Zong , Zhengyu Ying , Liang He , Xipeng Qiu

The rising popularity of ChatGPT and other AI-powered large language models (LLMs) has led to increasing studies highlighting their susceptibility to mistakes and biases. However, most of these studies focus on models trained on English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Di Zhou , Yinxian Zhang

With the introduction of ChatGPT, Large Language Models (LLMs) have received enormous attention in healthcare. Despite their potential benefits, researchers have underscored various ethical implications. While individual instances have…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Joschka Haltaufderheide , Robert Ranisch
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