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Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) in histopathology seeks to reduce annotation cost by learning from image-level labels, yet it remains limited by inter-class homogeneity, intra-class heterogeneity, and the region-shrinkage…

The application of deep learning to medical image segmentation has been hampered due to the lack of abundant pixel-level annotated data. Few-shot Semantic Segmentation (FSS) is a promising strategy for breaking the deadlock. However, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Xiaoang Shen , Guokai Zhang , Huilin Lai , Jihao Luo , Jianwei Lu , Ye Luo

Histopathological image segmentation is a laborious and time-intensive task, often requiring analysis from experienced pathologists for accurate examinations. To reduce this burden, supervised machine-learning approaches have been adopted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Vishnuvardhan Purma , Suhas Srinath , Seshan Srirangarajan , Aanchal Kakkar , Prathosh A. P

A method for automatically quantifying emphysema regions using High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) scans of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that does not require manually annotated scans for training is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Isabel Pino Peña , Veronika Cheplygina , Sofia Paschaloudi , Morten Vuust , Jesper Carl , Ulla Møller Weinreich , Lasse Riis Østergaard , Marleen de Bruijne

This work proposes a novel approach beyond supervised learning for effective pathological image analysis, addressing the challenge of limited robust labeled data. Pathological diagnosis of diseases like cancer has conventionally relied on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Joonhyeon Song , Seohwan Yun , Seongho Yoon , Joohyeok Kim , Sangmin Lee

Unsupervised segmentation of pulmonary pathologies in CT remains an open challenge due to the absence of annotated multi pathology cohorts and the failure of existing diffusion-based methods to exploit the quantitative Hounsfield Unit (HU)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-13 Rezkellah Noureddine Khiati , Pierre-Yves Brillet , Catalin Fetita

Weakly supervised medical image segmentation (MIS) using generative models is crucial for clinical diagnosis. However, the accuracy of the segmentation results is often limited by insufficient supervision and the complex nature of medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Zhihao Shuai , Yinan Chen , Shunqiang Mao , Yihan Zho , Xiaohong Zhang

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) in histopathology reduces pixel-level labeling by learning from image-level labels, but it is hindered by inter-class homogeneity, intra-class heterogeneity, and CAM-induced region shrinkage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Khang Le , Anh Mai Vu , Thi Kim Trang Vo , Ha Thach , Ngoc Bui Lam Quang , Thanh-Huy Nguyen , Minh H. N. Le , Zhu Han , Chandra Mohan , Hien Van Nguyen

Recent advances in denoising diffusion probabilistic models have shown great success in image synthesis tasks. While there are already works exploring the potential of this powerful tool in image semantic segmentation, its application in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Xinrong Hu , Yu-Jen Chen , Tsung-Yi Ho , Yiyu Shi

Pulmonary segment segmentation is crucial for cancer localization and surgical planning. However, the pixel-wise annotation of pulmonary segments is laborious, as the boundaries between segments are indistinguishable in medical images. To…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 Ruijie Zhao , Zuopeng Tan , Xiao Xue , Longfei Zhao , Bing Li , Zicheng Liao , Ying Ming , Jiaru Wang , Ran Xiao , Sirong Piao , Rui Zhao , Qiqi Xu , Wei Song

Federated learning (FL) for histopathology image segmentation involving multiple medical sites plays a crucial role in advancing the field of accurate disease diagnosis and treatment. However, it is still a task of great challenges due to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-21 Yuan Zhang , Yaolei Qi , Xiaoming Qi , Lotfi Senhadji , Yongyue Wei , Feng Chen , Guanyu Yang

Semi-weakly supervised semantic segmentation (SWSSS) aims to train a model to identify objects in images based on a small number of images with pixel-level labels, and many more images with only image-level labels. Most existing SWSSS…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Wonho Bae , Junhyug Noh , Milad Jalali Asadabadi , Danica J. Sutherland

Semantic segmentation is a core computer vision problem, but the high costs of data annotation have hindered its wide application. Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) offers a cost-efficient workaround to extensive labeling in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Elham Ravanbakhsh , Cheng Niu , Yongqing Liang , J. Ramanujam , Xin Li

Medical image segmentation is clinically important, yet data privacy and the cost of expert annotation limit the availability of labeled data. Federated semi-supervised learning (FSSL) offers a solution but faces two challenges:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Sahar Nasirihaghighi , Negin Ghamsarian , Yiping Li , Marcel Breeuwer , Raphael Sznitman , Klaus Schoeffmann

Generalized few-shot semantic segmentation (GFSS) is fundamentally limited by the coverage of novel-class appearances under scarce annotations. While diffusion models can synthesize novel-class images at scale, practical gains are often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Guohuan Xie , Xin He , Dingying Fan , Le Zhang , Ming-Ming Cheng , Yun Liu

Weakly supervised learning with scribble annotations uses sparse user-drawn strokes to indicate segmentation labels on a small subset of pixels. This annotation reduces the cost of dense pixel-wise labeling, but suffers inherently from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yeva Gabrielyan , Varduhi Yeghiazaryan , Irina Voiculescu

The rapid development of deep learning has driven significant progress in image semantic segmentation - a fundamental task in computer vision. Semantic segmentation algorithms often depend on the availability of pixel-level labels (i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zhaozheng Chen , Qianru Sun

Compared to conventional semantic segmentation with pixel-level supervision, Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) with image-level labels poses the challenge that it always focuses on the most discriminative regions, resulting in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Jingxuan He , Lechao Cheng , Chaowei Fang , Zunlei Feng , Tingting Mu , Mingli Song

Recent advancements in deep learning for medical image segmentation are often limited by the scarcity of high-quality training data.While diffusion models provide a potential solution by generating synthetic images, their effectiveness in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Jianhao Xie , Ziang Zhang , Zhenyu Weng , Yuesheng Zhu , Guibo Luo

Semantic segmentation is a classic computer vision task with multiple applications, which includes medical and remote sensing image analysis. Despite recent advances with deep-based approaches, labeling samples (pixels) for training models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Pedro H. T. Gama , Hugo Oliveira , José Marcato Junior , Jefersson A. dos Santos