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In this study, we apply 1D quantum convolution to address the task of time series forecasting. By encoding multiple points into the quantum circuit to predict subsequent data, each point becomes a feature, transforming the problem into a…

What makes a class of quantum circuits efficiently classically simulable on average? I present a framework that applies harmonic analysis of groups to circuits with a structure encoded by group parameters. Expanding the circuits in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-18 Cristina Cirstoiu

Quantum computers can be used for supervised learning by treating parametrised quantum circuits as models that map data inputs to predictions. While a lot of work has been done to investigate practical implications of this approach, many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-31 Maria Schuld , Ryan Sweke , Johannes Jakob Meyer

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) and their applications in the field of quantum machine learning through parametrized quantum circuits (PQCs) are thought to be one major way of leveraging noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-22 Dirk Heimann , Hans Hohenfeld , Gunnar Schönhoff , Elie Mounzer , Frank Kirchner

In this work, we highlight an unforeseen behavior of the expressivity of Parameterized Quantum Circuits (PQCs) for machine learning. A large class of these models, seen as Fourier Series which frequencies are derived from the encoding…

Here we show how universal quantum computers based on the quantum circuit model can handle mathematical analysis calculations for functions with continuous domains, without any digitalization, and with remarkably few qubits. The basic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-10 Pablo Bermejo , Roman Orus

This work analyzes transfer learning of the Variational Quantum Circuit (VQC). Our framework begins with a pretrained VQC configured in one domain and calculates the transition of 1-parameter unitary subgroups required for a new domain. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Huan-Hsin Tseng , Hsin-Yi Lin , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Shinjae Yoo

In this work, we investigate the phenomenon of spectral bias in quantum machine learning, where, in classical settings, models tend to fit low-frequency components of a target function earlier during training than high-frequency ones,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Callum Duffy , Marcin Jastrzebski

In the domain of variational quantum algorithms, quantum Fourier models (QFMs) provide a mathematically well defined structure for quantum machine learning (QML). There has been a substantial amount of work on the scalability and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Melvin Strobl , Maja Franz , Lukas Scheller , Eileen Kuehn , Wolfgang Mauerer , Achim Streit

Many applications of quantum computing in the near term rely on variational quantum circuits (VQCs). They have been showcased as a promising model for reaching a quantum advantage in machine learning with current noisy intermediate scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Jonas Landman , Slimane Thabet , Constantin Dalyac , Hela Mhiri , Elham Kashefi

Quantum machine learning is arguably one of the most explored applications of near-term quantum devices. Much focus has been put on notions of variational quantum machine learning where parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) are used as…

Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC) are promising models for quantum machine learning, but standard monolithic architectures face an expressivity--trainability dilemma: small circuits can be under-parameterized, while larger circuits are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Howard Su , Chen-Yu Liu , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Kuan-Cheng Chen , Huan-Hsin Tseng

The current generation of quantum computing technologies call for quantum algorithms that require a limited number of qubits and quantum gates, and which are robust against errors. A suitable design approach are variational circuits where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-10 Maria Schuld , Alex Bocharov , Krysta Svore , Nathan Wiebe

Variational quantum algorithms have received substantial theoretical and empirical attention. As the underlying variational quantum circuit (VQC) can be represented by Fourier series that contain an exponentially large spectrum in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Maja Franz , Melvin Strobl , Leonid Chaichenets , Eileen Kuehn , Achim Streit , Wolfgang Mauerer

Parameterized quantum circuits as machine learning models are typically well described by their representation as a partial Fourier series of the input features, with frequencies uniquely determined by the feature map's generator…

We consider the tasks of learning quantum states, measurements and channels generated by continuous-variable (CV) quantum circuits. This family of circuits is suited to describe optical quantum technologies and in particular it includes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-14 Matteo Rosati

Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) stands as a pivotal quantum computing subroutine that necessitates an inverse Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT). However, it is imperative to recognize that enhancing the precision of the estimation inevitably…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-09 Chen-Yu Liu , Chu-Hsuan Abraham Lin , Kuan-Cheng Chen

We show the relationship between the Fourier coefficients and the barren plateau problem emerging in parameterized quantum circuits. In particular, the sum of squares of the Fourier coefficients is exponentially restricted concerning the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Shun Okumura , Masayuki Ohzeki

In recent years, neural networks (NNs) have driven significant advances in machine learning. However, as tasks grow more complex, NNs often require large numbers of trainable parameters, which increases computational and energy demands.…

The spectral analysis of the operator Fourier truncated on the positive half-axis is done.

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2012-08-21 Victor Katsnelson
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