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The recent popularity of deep neural networks (DNNs) has generated a lot of research interest in performing DNN-related computation efficiently. However, the primary focus is usually very narrow and limited to (i) inference -- i.e. how to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Hongyu Zhu , Mohamed Akrout , Bojian Zheng , Andrew Pelegris , Amar Phanishayee , Bianca Schroeder , Gennady Pekhimenko

Recent advances in code large language models (CodeLLMs) have made them indispensable tools in modern software engineering. However, these models occasionally produce outputs that contain proprietary or sensitive code snippets, raising…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Tianlin Li , Yunxiang Wei , Zhiming Li , Aishan Liu , Qing Guo , Xianglong Liu , Dongning Sun , Yang Liu

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) infer whether a data point is in the training data of a machine learning model. It is a threat while being in the training data is private information of a data point. MIA correctly infers some data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Mauro Conti , Jiaxin Li , Stjepan Picek

Training machine learning models on privacy-sensitive data has become a popular practice, driving innovation in ever-expanding fields. This has opened the door to new attacks that can have serious privacy implications. One such attack, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Thomas Humphries , Simon Oya , Lindsey Tulloch , Matthew Rafuse , Ian Goldberg , Urs Hengartner , Florian Kerschbaum

Large Language Models (LLMs) are prone to memorizing training data, which poses serious privacy risks. Two of the most prominent concerns are training data extraction and Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs). Prior research has shown that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ali Al Sahili , Ali Chehab , Razane Tajeddine

In this evolving era of machine learning security, membership inference attacks have emerged as a potent threat to the confidentiality of sensitive data. In this attack, adversaries aim to determine whether a particular point was used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Abhishek Sinha , Himanshi Tibrewal , Mansi Gupta , Nikhar Waghela , Shivank Garg

The raise of machine learning and deep learning led to significant improvement in several domains. This change is supported by both the dramatic rise in computation power and the collection of large datasets. Such massive datasets often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Hamid Jalalzai , Elie Kadoche , Rémi Leluc , Vincent Plassier

Transfer learning (TL) has been demonstrated to improve DNN model performance when faced with a scarcity of training samples. However, the suitability of TL as a solution to reduce vulnerability of overfitted DNNs to privacy attacks is…

Model Inversion (MI) attacks aim at leveraging the output information of target models to reconstruct privacy-sensitive training data, raising critical concerns regarding the privacy vulnerabilities of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yixiang Qiu , Hongyao Yu , Hao Fang , Tianqu Zhuang , Wenbo Yu , Bin Chen , Xuan Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu

Among all privacy attacks against Machine Learning (ML), membership inference attacks (MIA) attracted the most attention. In these attacks, the attacker is given an ML model and a data point, and they must infer whether the data point was…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Bram van Dartel , Marc Damie , Florian Hahn

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated great performance across various benchmarks, showing potential as general-purpose task solvers. However, as LLMs are typically trained on vast amounts of data, a significant concern in their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yujuan Fu , Ozlem Uzuner , Meliha Yetisgen , Fei Xia

A Membership Inference Attack (MIA) assesses how much a target machine learning model reveals about its training data by determining whether specific query instances were part of the training set. State-of-the-art MIAs rely on training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yuntao Du , Yuetian Chen , Hanshen Xiao , Bruno Ribeiro , Ninghui Li

Machine learning (ML) models have been widely applied to various applications, including image classification, text generation, audio recognition, and graph data analysis. However, recent studies have shown that ML models are vulnerable to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Hongsheng Hu , Zoran Salcic , Lichao Sun , Gillian Dobbie , Philip S. Yu , Xuyun Zhang

While Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are the prevailing method for identifying training data, their application has expanded into privacy auditing and machine unlearning. Nevertheless, the field lacks a systematic framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ding Chen , Xinwen Cheng , Xuyang Zhong , Xinping Chen , Xiaolin Huang , Chen Liu

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) aim to determine whether a specific data point was included in the training set of a target model. Although there are have been numerous methods developed for detecting data contamination in large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Anton Emelyanov , Sergei Kudriashov , Alena Fenogenova

Membership inference (MI) determines if a sample was part of a victim model training set. Recent development of MI attacks focus on record-level membership inference which limits their application in many real-world scenarios. For example,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Guoyao Li , Shahbaz Rezaei , Xin Liu

Membership inference (MI) attacks threaten user privacy through determining if a given data example has been used to train a target model. However, it has been increasingly recognized that the "comparing different MI attacks" methodology…

Learned recommender systems may inadvertently leak information about their training data, leading to privacy violations. We investigate privacy threats faced by recommender systems through the lens of membership inference. In such attacks,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Zihan Wang , Na Huang , Fei Sun , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Hengliang Luo , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren

Tabular data synthesis using diffusion models has gained significant attention for its potential to balance data utility and privacy. However, existing privacy evaluations often rely on heuristic metrics or weak membership inference attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Xiaoyu Wu , Yifei Pang , Terrance Liu , Steven Wu

Diffusion Models (DMs) benefit from large and diverse datasets for their training. Since this data is often scraped from the Internet without permission from the data owners, this raises concerns about copyright and intellectual property…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jan Dubiński , Antoni Kowalczuk , Franziska Boenisch , Adam Dziedzic
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