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With significant advancements in Transformers LLMs, NLP has extended its reach into many research fields due to its enhanced capabilities in text generation and user interaction. One field benefiting greatly from these advancements is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hamza Kheddar

The increase in network attacks has necessitated the development of robust and efficient intrusion detection systems (IDS) capable of identifying malicious activities in real-time. In the last five years, deep learning algorithms have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Richard Kimanzi , Peter Kimanga , Dedan Cherori , Patrick K. Gikunda

Detecting covert channels among legitimate traffic represents a severe challenge due to the high heterogeneity of networks. Therefore, we propose an effective covert channel detection method, based on the analysis of DNS network data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Salvatore Saeli , Federica Bisio , Pierangelo Lombardo , Danilo Massa

Deep Learning (DL) based methods have shown great promise in network intrusion detection by identifying malicious network traffic behavior patterns with high accuracy, but their applications to real-time, packet-level detections in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Jingdi Chen , Lei Zhang , Joseph Riem , Gina Adam , Nathaniel D. Bastian , Tian Lan

Network threat detection has been challenging due to the complexities of attack activities and the limitation of historical threat data to learn from. To help enhance the existing practices of using analytics, machine learning, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Lili Zhang , Quanyan Zhu , Herman Ray , Ying Xie

Machine Learning (ML)-based malicious traffic detection is a promising security paradigm. It outperforms rule-based traditional detection by identifying various advanced attacks. However, the robustness of these ML models is largely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Zixuan Liu , Yi Zhao , Zhuotao Liu , Qi Li , Chuanpu Fu , Guangmeng Zhou , Ke Xu

Rule-based IDS (intrusion detection systems) are being replaced by more robust neural IDS, which demonstrate great potential in the field of Cybersecurity. However, these ML approaches continue to rely on ad-hoc feature engineering…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Andrew Golczynski , John A. Emanuello

In this paper, we present an automated machine learning (AutoML) approach for network intrusion detection, leveraging a stacked ensemble model developed using the MLJAR AutoML framework. Our methodology combines multiple machine learning…

Rule-based network intrusion detection systems play a crucial role in the real-time detection of Web attacks. However, most existing works primarily focus on automatically generating detection rules for new attacks, often overlooking the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Jiarui Li , Yuhan Chai , Lei Du , Chenyun Duan , Hao Yan , Zhaoquan Gu

As an essential tool in security, the intrusion detection system bears the responsibility of the defense to network attacks performed by malicious traffic. Nowadays, with the help of machine learning algorithms, intrusion detection systems…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Zilong Lin , Yong Shi , Zhi Xue

Machine learning-based intrusion detection requires complex models to capture patterns in high-dimensional, noisy, and class-imbalanced raw network traffic, yet deploying such models remains impractical on resource-constrained devices with…

Cyber attacks are often identified using system and network logs. There have been significant prior works that utilize provenance graphs and ML techniques to detect attacks, specifically advanced persistent threats, which are very difficult…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Sihat Afnan , Mushtari Sadia , Shahrear Iqbal , Anindya Iqbal

This survey systematizes the evolution of network intrusion detection systems (NIDS), from conventional methods such as signature-based and neural network (NN)-based approaches to recent integrations with large language models (LLMs). It…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yaokai Feng , Kouichi Sakurai

The increasing demand for privacy protection and security considerations leads to a significant rise in the proportion of encrypted network traffic. Since traffic content becomes unrecognizable after encryption, accurate analysis is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Di Zhao , Bo Jiang , Song Liu , Susu Cui , Meng Shen , Dongqi Han , Xingmao Guan , Zhigang Lu

This paper proposes a unified semi-blind detection framework for sourced and unsourced random access (RA), which enables next-generation ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) with massive devices. Specifically, the active…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Malong Ke , Zhen Gao , Mingyu Zhou , Dezhi Zheng , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , H. Vincent Poor

Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) play a crucial role in safeguarding network infrastructure against cyberattacks. As the prevalence and sophistication of these attacks increase, machine learning and deep neural network approaches…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Mabin Umman Varghese , Zahra Taghiyarrenani

Automated detection of software vulnerabilities is critical for enhancing security, yet existing methods often struggle with the complexity and diversity of modern codebases. In this paper, we introduce EnStack, a novel ensemble stacking…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Shahriyar Zaman Ridoy , Md. Shazzad Hossain Shaon , Alfredo Cuzzocrea , Mst Shapna Akter

With the escalating prevalence of malicious activities exploiting vulnerabilities in blockchain systems, there is an urgent requirement for robust attack detection mechanisms. To address this challenge, this paper presents a novel…

Many cybersecurity problems that require real-time decision-making based on temporal observations can be abstracted as a sequence modeling problem, e.g., network intrusion detection from a sequence of arriving packets. Existing approaches…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Jingdi Chen , Hanhan Zhou , Yongsheng Mei , Gina Adam , Nathaniel D. Bastian , Tian Lan

Adversarial robustness of deep models is pivotal in ensuring safe deployment in real world settings, but most modern defenses have narrow scope and expensive costs. In this paper, we propose a self-supervised method to detect adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Mazda Moayeri , Soheil Feizi