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Despite the promising results of large multimodal models (LMMs) in complex vision-language tasks that require knowledge, reasoning, and perception abilities together, we surprisingly found that these models struggle with simple tasks on…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Kai Zhang , Jianwei Yang , Jeevana Priya Inala , Chandan Singh , Jianfeng Gao , Yu Su , Chenglong Wang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across tasks involving both visual and textual modalities. However, growing concerns remain about their potential to encode and amplify gender bias, particularly in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yue Xu , Wenjie Wang

Task automation has been greatly empowered by the recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) via Python code, where the tasks ranging from software engineering development to general-purpose reasoning. While current benchmarks have…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation across various domains. However, their effectiveness in generating simulation scripts for domain-specific environments like ns-3 remains…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Tasnim Ahmed , Mirza Mohammad Azwad , Salimur Choudhury

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show reasoning promise, yet their visual perception is a critical bottleneck. Strikingly, MLLMs can produce correct answers even while misinterpreting crucial visual elements, masking these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Aditya Kanade , Tanuja Ganu

Understanding infographic charts with design-driven visual elements (e.g., pictograms, icons) requires both visual recognition and reasoning, posing challenges for multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, existing visual-question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Tianchi Xie , Minzhi Lin , Mengchen Liu , Yilin Ye , Changjian Chen , Shixia Liu

The evolution of web applications relies on iterative code modifications, a process that is traditionally manual and time-consuming. While Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate UI code, their ability to edit existing code from new…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Truong Hai Dang , Jingyu Xiao , Yintong Huo

Although multimodal large language models (MLLMs) show promise in generating chart rendering code, editing charts via code presents a greater challenge. This task demands MLLMs to integrate chart understanding and reasoning capacities,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xuanle Zhao , Xuexin Liu , Haoyue Yang , Xianzhen Luo , Fanhu Zeng , Jianling Li , Qi Shi , Chi Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models have demonstrated exceptional performance in UI2Code tasks, significantly enhancing website development efficiency. However, these tasks incur substantially higher computational overhead than traditional…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Jingyu Xiao , Zhongyi Zhang , Yuxuan Wan , Yintong Huo , Yang Liu , Michael R. Lyu

Web development involves turning UI designs into functional webpages, which can be difficult for both beginners and experienced developers due to the complexity of HTML's hierarchical structures and styles. While Large Language Models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Shanchao Liang , Nan Jiang , Shangshu Qian , Lin Tan

The field of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has made remarkable progress in visual understanding tasks, presenting a vast opportunity to predict the perceptual and emotional impact of charts. However, it also raises concerns, as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Seon Gyeom Kim , Jae Young Choi , Ryan Rossi , Eunyee Koh , Tak Yeon Lee

Testing Web User Interfaces (UIs) requires considerable time and effort and resources, most notably participants for user testing. Additionally, the tests results may demand adjustments on the UI, taking further resources and testing. Early…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Leonardo Germán Loza Bonora , Julián Grigera , Helmut Degen

As more applications of large language models (LLMs) for 3D content for immersive environments emerge, it is crucial to study user behaviour to identify interaction patterns and potential barriers to guide the future design of immersive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Junlong Chen , Jens Grubert , Per Ola Kristensson

Recently, large language models (LLMs), especially those that are pretrained on code, have demonstrated strong capabilities in generating programs from natural language inputs in a few-shot or even zero-shot manner. Despite promising…

In the era of large language models (LLMs), code benchmarks have become an important research area in software engineering and are widely used by practitioners. These benchmarks evaluate the performance of LLMs on specific code-related…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Zhiyuan Pan , Xing Hu , Xin Xia , Xiaohu Yang

UI-to-code aims to translate UI screenshots into executable front-end code. Despite progress with vision-language models (VLMs), most existing methods formulate UI-to-code as a single-pass generation, which mismatches real-world UI…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Zhen Yang , Wenyi Hong , Mingde Xu , Xinyue Fan , Weihan Wang , Jiale Cheng , Xiaotao Gu , Jie Tang

Large language model (LLM) coding agents increasingly operate at the repository level, motivating benchmarks that evaluate their ability to optimize entire codebases under realistic constraints. Existing code benchmarks largely rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Atharva Sehgal , James Hou , Akanksha Sarkar , Ishaan Mantripragada , Swarat Chaudhuri , Jennifer J. Sun , Yisong Yue

Converting webpage designs into code (design-to-code) plays a vital role in User Interface (UI) development for front-end developers, bridging the gap between visual design and functional implementation. While recent Multimodal Large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yi Gui , Zhen Li , Zhongyi Zhang , Guohao Wang , Tianpeng Lv , Gaoyang Jiang , Yi Liu , Dongping Chen , Yao Wan , Hongyu Zhang , Wenbin Jiang , Xuanhua Shi , Hai Jin

LLM-based agents have demonstrated great potential in generating and managing code within complex codebases. In this paper, we introduce WebGen-Bench, a novel benchmark designed to measure an LLM-based agent's ability to create multi-file…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zimu Lu , Yunqiao Yang , Houxing Ren , Haotian Hou , Han Xiao , Ke Wang , Weikang Shi , Aojun Zhou , Mingjie Zhan , Hongsheng Li

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) remain primarily reactive, failing to continuously perceive environments or proactively assist users. While emerging benchmarks address proactivity, they are largely confined to alert…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Dongchuan Ran , Linyu Ou , Xueheng Li , Wenwen Tong , Chenxu Guo , Hewei Guo , Kaibing Wang , Lewei Lu
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