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As collaborative learning allows joint training of a model using multiple sources of data, the security problem has been a central concern. Malicious users can upload poisoned data to prevent the model's convergence or inject hidden…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Ximing Qiao , Yuhua Bai , Siping Hu , Ang Li , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

Recent studies on backdoor attacks in model training have shown that polluting a small portion of training data is sufficient to produce incorrect manipulated predictions on poisoned test-time data while maintaining high clean accuracy in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Soumyadeep Pal , Ren Wang , Yuguang Yao , Sijia Liu

For nearly a decade the academic community has investigated backdoors in neural networks, primarily focusing on classification tasks where adversaries manipulate the model prediction. While demonstrably malicious, the immediate real-world…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Nicolas Küchler , Ivan Petrov , Conrad Grobler , Ilia Shumailov

Deep neural networks for image classification are well-known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. One such attack that has garnered recent attention is the adversarial backdoor attack, which has demonstrated the capability to perform…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Glenn Dawson , Muhammad Umer , Robi Polikar

Backdoor attacks pose a significant threat to the integrity and reliability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, enabling adversaries to manipulate model behavior by injecting poisoned data with hidden triggers. These attacks can lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Osama Wehbi , Sarhad Arisdakessian , Omar Abdel Wahab , Azzam Mourad , Hadi Otrok , Jamal Bentahar

Recent studies have shown that deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, including evasion and backdoor (poisoning) attacks. On the defense side, there have been intensive efforts on improving both empirical and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Maurice Weber , Xiaojun Xu , Bojan Karlaš , Ce Zhang , Bo Li

Deep learning models have achieved unprecedented performance in the domain of object detection, resulting in breakthroughs in areas such as autonomous driving and security. However, deep learning models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Jeongjin Shin

The advent of multimodal deep learning models, such as CLIP, has unlocked new frontiers in a wide range of applications, from image-text understanding to classification tasks. However, these models are not safe for adversarial attacks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Md. Iqbal Hossain , Afia Sajeeda , Neeresh Kumar Perla , Ming Shao

With the success of deep learning algorithms in various domains, studying adversarial attacks to secure deep models in real world applications has become an important research topic. Backdoor attacks are a form of adversarial attacks on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Aniruddha Saha , Akshayvarun Subramanya , Hamed Pirsiavash

Multimodal contrastive learning models like CLIP have demonstrated remarkable vision-language alignment capabilities, yet their vulnerability to backdoor attacks poses critical security risks. Attackers can implant latent triggers that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Mengyuan Sun , Yu Li , Yuchen Liu , Bo Du , Yunjie Ge

The growing dependence on machine learning in real-world applications emphasizes the importance of understanding and ensuring its safety. Backdoor attacks pose a significant security risk due to their stealthy nature and potentially serious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Ganghua Wang , Xun Xian , Jayanth Srinivasa , Ashish Kundu , Xuan Bi , Mingyi Hong , Jie Ding

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Existing backdoor attacks that are effective in SSL often involve noticeable triggers, like colored patches or visible noise, which are vulnerable to human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Hanrong Zhang , Zhenting Wang , Boheng Li , Fulin Lin , Tingxu Han , Mingyu Jin , Chenlu Zhan , Mengnan Du , Hongwei Wang , Shiqing Ma

The rapid proliferation of open-source language models significantly increases the risks of downstream backdoor attacks. These backdoors can introduce dangerous behaviours during model deployment and can evade detection by conventional…

In recent years, the security issues of artificial intelligence have become increasingly prominent due to the rapid development of deep learning research and applications. Backdoor attack is an attack targeting the vulnerability of deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Peixin Zhang , Jun Sun , Mingtian Tan , Xinyu Wang

Recent studies have shown that deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where a designed trigger is injected into the dataset, causing erroneous predictions when activated. In this paper, we propose a novel defense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wenjie Huo , Katinka Wolter

The democratization of pre-trained language models through open-source initiatives has rapidly advanced innovation and expanded access to cutting-edge technologies. However, this openness also brings significant security risks, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Ansh Arora , Xuanli He , Maximilian Mozes , Srinibas Swain , Mark Dras , Qiongkai Xu

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) are becoming increasingly more important in assisted and automated driving. Using such entities which are obtained using machine learning is inevitable: tasks such as recognizing traffic signs cannot be developed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Akshay Dhonthi , Ernst Moritz Hahn , Vahid Hashemi

Machine learning backdoors have the property that the machine learning model should work as expected on normal inputs, but when the input contains a specific $\textit{trigger}$, it behaves as the attacker desires. Detecting such triggers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Eirik Høyheim , Magnus Wiik Eckhoff , Gudmund Grov , Robert Flood , David Aspinall

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as backdoor attacks in which a malicious adversary compromises a model during training such that specific behaviour can be triggered at test time by attaching a specific word…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 You Guo , Jun Wang , Trevor Cohn

Object detection models, widely used in security-critical applications, are vulnerable to backdoor attacks that cause targeted misclassifications when triggered by specific patterns. Existing backdoor defense techniques, primarily designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Xianda Zhang , Siyuan Liang