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Future gravitational wave interferometers such as LISA, Taiji, DECIGO, and TianQin, will enable precision studies of the environment surrounding black holes. In this paper, we study intermediate and extreme mass ratio binary black hole…

Gravitational wave (GW) signals from extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs) are a key observational target for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). The waveforms may be affected by the astrophysical environment surrounding the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-19 Soumodeep Mitra , Nicholas Speeney , Sumanta Chakraborty , Emanuele Berti

Cold dark matter may form dense structures around supermassive black holes (SMBHs), significantly influencing their local environments. These dense regions are ideal sites for the formation of extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs), in which…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-04 Chen Feng , Yong Tang , Yue-Liang Wu

The gravitational wave (GW) signals from extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs), a key target for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), will be affected in the presence of dark matter (DM) halos. In this paper we explore whether the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-14 Sara Gliorio , Emanuele Berti , Andrea Maselli , Nicholas Speeney

Future space-based laser interferometry experiments such as LISA are expected to detect $\cal O$(100--1000) stellar-mass compact objects (e.g., black holes, neutron stars) falling into massive black holes in the centers of galaxies, the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-25 Otto A. Hannuksela , Kenny C. Y. Ng , Tjonnie G. F. Li

[abridged abstract] No, within a broad class of scenarios. With the advent of gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy, environmental effects on the GW signal will eventually have to be quantified. Here we present a wide survey of the corrections…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-06-17 Enrico Barausse , Vitor Cardoso , Paolo Pani

The inspiral of a stellar-mass compact object into a massive ($\sim 10^{4}$-$10^{7} M_{\odot}$) black hole produces an intricate gravitational-wave signal. Due to the extreme-mass ratios involved, these systems complete $\sim…

Binary black hole (BBH) systems residing in the centers of galaxies evolve within complex astrophysical environments. These environments, comprising dark matter (DM) halos and baryonic accretion disks, can significantly alter the orbital…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-31 Meng Xu , Zhijin Li , Xiao Guo , Yun-Long Zhang

Extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs), where a small compact object inspiralls onto a supermassive black hole, are excellent sources for the space-based laser interferometer gravitational wave (GW) detectors. The presence of dark matter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-10 Chao Zhang , Guoyang Fu , Ning Dai

Supermassive black holes and their surrounding dense stellar environments nourish a variety of astrophysical phenomena. We focus on the distribution of stellar-mass black holes around the supermassive black hole and the consequent formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-11 Barak Rom , Itai Linial , Karamveer Kaur , Re'em Sari

The exact properties of dark matter remain largely unknown despite the accumulating evidence. If dark matter is composed of weakly interacting massive particles, it would be accreted by the black hole in the galactic center and form a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-07 Gen-Liang Li , Yong Tang , Yue-Liang Wu

The field of gravitational waves is rapidly progressing due to the noticeable advancements in the sensitivity of gravitational-wave detectors that has enabled the detection prospects of binary black hole mergers. Extreme mass ratio inspiral…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-05 Mostafizur Rahman , Shailesh Kumar , Arpan Bhattacharyya

Extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs) take place when a stellar-mass black hole (BH) merges with a supermassive black hole (SMBH). The gravitational wave emission from such an event is expected to be detectable by the future Laser…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-20 Smadar Naoz , Zoltan Haiman

Extreme mass ratio bursts (EMRBs) have been proposed as a possible source for future space-borne gravitational wave detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). These events are characterized by long-period,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Nicolas Yunes , Carlos F. Sopuerta , Louis J. Rubbo , Kelly Holley-Bockelmann

Wet extreme mass-ratio inspirals (wet EMRIs), which arise from stellar-mass black holes inspiral into supermassive black holes (SMBHs) within the gas-rich environments of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), are primary sources of gravitational…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-05 Zhenwei Lyu , Zhen Pan , Junjie Mao , Ning Jiang , Huan Yang

Extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) are important targets for future space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Sapce Antenna (LISA). Recent works suggest that EMRI may reside in a population of newly…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-18 Xian Chen , Yu Qiu , Shuo Li , F. K. Liu

Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) is a powerful probe of the matter distribution in the universe. Here we revisit the wave-optics effects induced by dark matter (DM) halos on the GW signals of merging massive black hole…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-23 Zucheng Gao , Xian Chen , Yi-Ming Hu , Jian-Dong Zhang , Shunjia Huang

Dark matter (DM) search is one of the greatest challenges in physics. If DM consists of particles, it may form a spike around supermassive black holes (BH) prevalent in galaxy centers. This spike could be potentially observed by altering…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-16 Takafumi Kakehi , Hidetoshi Omiya , Takuya Takahashi , Takahiro Tanaka

The space based interferometer LISA will be capable of detecting the gravitational waves emitted by stellar mass black holes or neutron stars slowly inspiralling into the supermassive black holes found in the centre of most galaxies. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-14 Christopher J. Moore , Alvin J. K. Chua , Jonathan R. Gair

Studies regarding extra-dimensions have been of great interest in modern theoretical physics, including their observational consequences from future gravitational wave (GW) observatories. In this direction, extreme-mass-ratio inspirals…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-17 Shailesh Kumar , Tieguang Zi , Arpan Bhattacharyya
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